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Characterization and conservation of the American Milking Devon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

R.K. Splan
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 3450 Litton Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
D.P. Sponenberg
Affiliation:
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 3450 Litton Reaves Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Summary

The American Milking Devon Association was established in 1978 to record and preserve a unique type of cattle originally developed in the United States in the 17th century from imported English and contemporary American stocks. Phenotypically, it exhibits a spectrum of red colour, with light-coloured curved horns and medium body size. The breed is one of the few remaining triple-purpose breeds in the United States, and has been selected by breeders since colonial times for excellent temperament and powerful draught ability, along with desirable dairy and beef characteristics. It is well adapted to low-input management schemes and harsh environments. The American Milking Devon is currently found on the ‘critical’ list of the American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, indicating that there are fewer than 200 new registrations annually. Since the inception of the American Milking Devon Association, a small group of dedicated breeders has done much to preserve these cattle. However, new management tools are now being introduced to assist breeders and allow conservation of genetic diversity while retaining the original breed traits in terms of size, colour, beef and dairy production, and character and working ability.

Resumen

La asociación American Milking Devon fue establecida en 1978 para controlar y preservar un tipo único de bovino que se desarrolló de forma natural en EE.UU. en el siglo 17 a partir de razas inglesas importadas y efectivos existentes en América en aquella época.

Desde el punto de vista fenotípico, muestra un color rojo en toda su gama, con cuernos ligeramente curvados y con color y un tamaño corporal medio. La raza es una de las pocas a triple uso que quedan en EE.UU., y ha sido seleccionada por los ganaderos desde los tiempos coloniales gracias a su excelente temperamento y su habilidad de tiro, además de su aptitud lechera y de carne. La raza está bien adaptada a los esquemas de manejo con bajos entrantes y entorno dificil. Esta raza se encuentra actualmente en la lista crítica del American Livestock Breeds Conservancy, lo que indica que existen menos de 200 nuevas inscripciones anuales. Desde el principio, la asociación, formada por un reducido grupo de ganaderos, ha hecho lo posible por preservar la raza. Sin embargo, se han introducido nuevos métodos de manejo para asistir a los ganaderos y permitir una conservación de la diversidad genética manteniendo siempre los rasgos originales de la raza en términos de tamaño, color, y producción de carne y leche, así como su aptitud para el tiro.

Type
Research Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2004

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