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ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES CONSERVATION PROGRAMME IN BRAZIL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

A. da Silva Mariante  and
A. R. de Bem
A. da Silva Mariante
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Caixa Postal 0. 2372 - 70849 Bras7ia - DF, BRAZIL
A. R. de Bem
Affiliation:
National Research Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Caixa Postal 0. 2372 - 70849 Bras7ia - DF, BRAZIL
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Summary

The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), through the National Research Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (CENARGEN), created the National Research Programme for Genetic Resources in 1974, but at that time only plant resources were included. A few years ago, the need for conservation of animal genetic resources in Brazil became clear, and the lack of necessary documentation and evaluation was recognized. Finally, in 1981, CENARGEN decided to include animal genetic resources in its Research Programme. In the case ofcattle, actions are being taken to save the “Criollo” before it is too late as it is rapidly disappearing by indiscriminate crossbreeding. There is already considerable information on the “'local” livestock breeds, strains and varieties in Brazil. A number of these breeds, strains or varieties that are in danger of extinction have been identified, and are being documented and specifically evaluated, particularly to determine if they possess any unique or special inherited characteristic that would warrant their conservation. Until such evaluation is completed, steps are being taken to ensure preservation of these populations. More recently, the programme ineluded other species such as: buffaloes, pigs, sheep, goats, horses and donkeys.

Résumé

A travers le Centre National de Recherche des Ressources Genetiques et de la Biotechnologie (CENARGEN), I'entreprise de Recherche Agricole Bresilienne (EMBRAPA) a cree, en 1974, le Programme National de Recherche dans le domaine des Ressources Genetiques. A l'epoque, uniquement les ressources botaniques etaient prises en consideration. Il y a quelques annees, il est devenu evident quu'il fallait preserver les ressources genetiques animales au Bresil. On a reconnu que la documentation necessaire a l'evaluationn'etait pasdisponible. En 1981 le CENARGEN a decide d'inclure les ressources genetiques animales dans son programme de recherche. Dans le cas des bovins, des mesures furent prises pour sauver la race “Criollo” avant qu'il ne soit trop tard, vu la disparition rapide de cette race en raison de croisements indiscrimines.On dispose deja dinformations considerables sur les races, les lignees et les varietes “autochtones” de betail du Bresil. Plusieurs races, lignees ou varietes menacees d'extinction ont ete indentifiees; elles ont fait l'objet d'une documentation et ont ete soumises a une evaluation specifique, tout particulierement pour determiner si elles possedent des caracteristiques hereditaires uniques ou speciales qui pourraient justifier leur conservation. Dans l'attente que cette evaluation soit terminee des mesures ont ete prises afin d'assurer la preservation de ces populations. I'lus recemment, on a inclus d'autres especes dans le programme telles que les buffles, les porcins, les ovin, les caprins, les chevaux et les anes.

Type
Research Articles
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 10 , April 1992 , pp. 7 - 26
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1991

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