Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T02:28:23.034Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The use of reproductive and molecular biotechnology in Animal Genetic Resources management - a global overview1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

D. Pilling ,
R. Cardellino ,
M. Zjalic ,
B. Rischkowsky ,
K.A. Tempelman  and
I. Hoffmann
D. Pilling
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
R. Cardellino
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
M. Zjalic
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
B. Rischkowsky
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
K.A. Tempelman
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
I. Hoffmann
Affiliation:
Animal Production and Health Division, FAO, V.le delle Terme di Caracalla 1, 00100 Rome, Italy
Get access

Summary

As part of the country-driven strategy for the management of animal genetic resources, FAO invited 188 countries to participate in the preparation of the First Report on the State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources. Utilizing the information provided in the 148 country reports ready for analysis in July 2005, this paper presents a global overview of the state of capacity and utilization of reproductive and molecular biotechnologies in the management of animal genetic resources. Regional descriptions outline the distribution of different biotechnologies, along with a discussion of the species and breed focus of their use, and stakeholder involvement in service delivery. Unsurprisingly, there is a big gap in biotechnology use between developed and developing countries, with artificial insemination being the technology most widely applied in developing countries. More complex technologies such as embryo transfer and molecular tools, are even less common in developing countries. Use of biotechnologies is in general biased towards cattle, and examples of the application of biotechnologies in the management of locally adapted breeds are limited. Most developing countries express the wish to increase the utilization of biotechnologies. However, in many cases clear plans for incorporating technologies into animal genetic resource management are lacking.

Resumen

Como parte de la estrategia de liderazgo de los países en la gestión de los recursos zoogenéticos, la FAO invitó 188 países a participar en la preparación del Primer Informe sobre la situación mundial de los recursos zoogenéticos. Utilizando la información proporcionada por los 148 informes nacionales listos para analizar en julio del 2005, este artículo presenta una visión global de la capacidad y utilización des las biotecnologías reproductivas y moleculares en la gestión de los recursos zoogenéticos. Las descripciones regionales evidencian la distribución de las distintas biotecnologías junto con una discusión sobre especies y razas focalizada sobre su uso, así como la implicación de los ganaderos en la entrega de servicios. Se comprueba sin sorpresa que existe una gran diferencia en la utilización de la biotecnología entre países desarrollados y en desarrollo. Tecnologías más complejas, tales como la transferencia de embriones y herramientas moleculares son incluso menos comunes en los países en desarrollo. La utilización de biotecnologías está orientada hacia los bovinos y los ejemplos de aplicación de biotecnologías en la gestión de razas locales adaptadas es muy limitado. Muchos de los países en desarrollo solicitan un aumento en la utilización de las biotecnologías. Sin embargo, en muchos casos existe una escasez de planes efectivos para la incorporación de nuevas tecnologías en la gestión de los recursos zoogenéticos.

Keywords

BiotechnologyAnimal genetic resourcesArtificial inseminationEmbryo transferMolecular genetics
Type
Research Articles
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 40 , April 2007 , pp. 1 - 13
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

List of References

Bayer, W. 2005. Poverty and biotechnology - putting things in perspective. In 4th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture and 31st Annual Meeting of the Tanzania Society for Animal Production. (Plenary Session 1: Biotech in agriculture - challenges and opportunities), Arusha, Tanzania, September 20-24, 2005, pp. 1.Google Scholar
Cardellino, R., Hoffmann, I. & Tempelman, K.A. 2005. First Report on the State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources. In Makar, H.P.S., & Viljoen, G.S., (Eds). Applications of Gene-Based Technologies for Improving Animal Production and Health in Developing Countries, Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 89–98.Google Scholar
Delgado, C., Rosegrant, M., Steinfeld, H., Ehui, S. & Courbois, C.. 1999. Livestock to 2020: The next food revolution. Food Agriculture and the Environment. Discussion Paper No. 228. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington.Google Scholar
FAO. 1993. Investment for sustainable livestock development in developing countries, by Walshe, M.J. In Mack, S. (Ed.). Strategies for sustainable animal agriculture in developing countries, Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation held in Rome, Italy 10-14 December 1990, Animal Production and Health Paper, No. 107. FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
FAO. 1996. Biotechnology options for improving livestock production in developing countries, with special reference to sub-Saharan Africa, by Rege, J.E.O., In Lebbie, S.H.B. & Kagwini, E., (Eds). Small Ruminant Research and Development in Africa, Proceedings of the Third Biennial Conference of the African Small Ruminant Research Network UICC, Kampala, Uganda, 5-9 December 1994. FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
FAO. 2001. Preparation of the first report on the state of the world's animal genetic resources. Guidelines for the preparation of CRs. FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
FAO. 2004. The State of Food and Agriculture 2003–04. Agricultural Biotechnology - meeting the needs of the poor? FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
FAO. 2005. Biotechnology potential in support of rural development: pros & cons. Paper prepared for the Twenty-Eighth FAO Regional Conference for the Near East, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen, 12–16 March, 2006. FAO, Rome.Google Scholar
Hiemstra, S.J., Lende, T. van der & Woelders, H.. 2005. The potential of cryopreservation and reproductive technologies for animal genetic resources conservation strategies. In The role of biotechnology for the characterisation and conservation of crop, forestry, animal and fishery genetic resources. Proceedings of a workshop (FAO, EAAP, ASPA, ECONOGENE), Turin, Italy, 5-7 March 2005. FAO, Rome. pp. 25-35, www.fao.org/biotech/docs/hiemstra.pdf.Google Scholar
Thibier, M., Humbolt, P. & Guerin, B.. 2004. Role of reproductive biotechnologies: global perspective, current methods and success rates, In Simm, G., Villanueva, B., Sinclair, K.D. & Townsend, S. (Eds), Farm Animal Genetic Resources. British Society for Animal Science, Publication 30, Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, United Kingdom, pp. 171–189.Google Scholar