Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:51:10.525Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The use of DNA markers in deciding conservation priorities in sheep and other livestock

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

A. M. Crawford  and
R.P. Littlejohn
A. M. Crawford
Affiliation:
AgResearch Molecular Biology Unit, Dept of Biochemistry and Centre for Gene Research, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
R.P. Littlejohn
Affiliation:
AgResearch Invermay Agricultural Centre Private Bag 50034, Mosgiel, New Zealand
Get access

Summary

The genetic diversity of most livestock species is reducing and it is not possible to preserve all livestock breeds. In order to preserve as much of the genetic diversity as possible we must first have a robust method of measuring the genetic differences between breeds. The analysis of microsatellite allele frequency is now the method of choice. Using sheep as an example, this paper describes the methods used for both microsatellite amplification and the analysis of the data once it has been collected.

Resumen

La diversidad genética de muchas especies ganaderas ha quedado muy reducida y no es posible preservar todas las razas. Para poder preservar el mayor número posible de razas, debemos, en primer lugar, poseer un método riguroso de medida de las diferencias genéticas existentes entre razas. El análisis de la frecuencia alálica de microsatélites es hoy en día un método importante. Tomando como ejemplo los ovinos, este artéculo describe los métodos utilizados para la amplificacion de microsatélites y el análisis de datos una vez recogidos.

Keywords

Microsatellitesgenome mappinglinkageDNAGenetic distance
Type
Research Articles
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 23 , April 1998 , pp. 21 - 26
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bishop, M.D., Kappes, S.M., Keele, J.W., Stone, R.T., Hawkins, G.A., Solinas-Toldo, S., Fries, R., Grosz, M.D., Yoo, J. & Beattie, C.W. 1994. A genetic linkage map for cattle. Genetics 136: 619–639.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buchanan, F.C., Galloway, S.M. & Crawford, A.M. 1993. Ovine microsatellites at the OarFCB5, OarFCB19, OarFCB20, OarFCB48, OarFCB129 and OarFCB226. Animal Genetics 25: 60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchanan, F.C. & Crawford, A.M. 1993. Ovine microsatellites at the OarFCB11, OarFCB128, OarFCB193, OarFCB266 and OarFCB304 loci. Animal Genetics 24: 145.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buchanan, F.C. & Crawford, A.M. 1992. Ovine dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the MAF209 locus. Animal. Genetics 23: 183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Buchanan, F.C., Littlejohn, R.P., Galloway, S.M. & Crawford, A.M. 1993. Microsatellites and associated repetitive elements in the sheep genome. Mammalian Genome 4: 258–264.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. & Edwards, A.W.F. 1967. Phylogenetic analysis: models and estimation procedures. Amer. J. Hum. Genet. 19: 233–257.Google ScholarPubMed
Crawford, A. M. & Cuthbertson, R.P. 1996: Mutations in sheep microsatellites. Genome Research 6: 876–879.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crawford, A.M., Dodds, K.G., Ede, A.J., Pierson, C.A., Montgomery, G.W., Garmonsway, H.G., Beattie, A.E., Davies, K., Maddox, J.F., Kappes, S.M., Stone, R.T., Nguyen, T.C., Penty, J.M., Lord, E.A., Broom, J.E., Buitkamp, J., Schwaiger, W., Epplen, J.T., Matthew, P., Matthews, M.E., Hulme, D.J., Beh, K.J., McGraw, R.A. & Beattie, C.W. 1995. An autosomal genetic linkage map of the sheep genome. Genetics 140: 703–724.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ede, A.J., Pierson, C.A. & Crawford, A.M. 1995. Ovine microsatellites at the OarCP34, OarCP38, OarCP43, OarCP49, OarCP73, OarCP79 and OarCP99 loci. Animal Genetics. 26: 129–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ede, A.J., Pierson, C.A. & Crawford, A.M. 1995. Ovine microsatellites at the OarCP9, OarCP16, OarCP20, OarCP21, OarCP23 and OarCP26 loci. Animal Genetics. 26: 128–9.Google ScholarPubMed
Goldstein, D.B., Ruiz Linares, A., Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. & Feldman, M.W. 1995. Genetic absolute dating based on microsatellites and the origin of modern humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 6723–6727.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goldstein, D.B., Ruiz Linares, A., Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. & Feldman, M.W. 1995a. An evaluation of genetic distances for use with microsatellite loci. Genetics 139: 463–471.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hulme, D.J., Silk, J.P., Redwin, J.M., Barendse, W. & Beh, K.J. 1994. Ten polymorphic ovine microsatellites. Animal Genetics 25: 434–435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hulme, D.J., Davies, K.P., Beh, K.J. & Maddox, J.F. 1996. Ovine dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the McM218, McM150 and McM138 loci. Animal Genetics 27: 57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henry, H.M., Penty, J.M., Pierson, C.A. & Crawford, A.M. 1993. Ovine microsatellites at the OarHH35, OarHH41, OarHH44, OarHH47 and OarHH64 loci. Animal Genetics 24: 222.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hulme, D.J., Smith, A.J., Silk, J.P.Redwin, J.M. & Beh, K.J. 1995. Polymorphic sheep microsatellites at the McM2, McM131, McM135, McM136, McM140, McM200, McM214, McM373, McM505, McM507 and McM512 loci. Animal Genetics 26: 369–370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nei, M. & Takezaki, N. 1996. Reconstruction fo phylogenetic trees from microsatellite (STR) loci. Animal Genetics 27: (Suppl. 2) 1–3.Google Scholar
Shriver, M., Jin, L., Boerwinkle, E., Deka, R. et al. 1995. A novel measure of genetic distance for highly polymorphic tandem repeat loci. Mol. Biol. Evol. 12: 914–920.Google ScholarPubMed
Slatkin, M. 1995. A measure of population subdivision based on microsatellite allele frequencies. Genetics 139: 457–462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steffen, P., Eggen, A., Dietz, A.B., Womack, J.E., Stranzinger, G. & Fries, R. 1993. Isolation and mapping of polymorphic microsatellites in cattle. Animal Genetics 24: 121–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swarbrick, P.A., Buchanan, F.C. & Crawford, A.M. 1990. Ovine dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the MAF23 locus. Animal Genetics 21: 191Google Scholar
Takezaki, N. & Nei, M. 1996. Genetic distances and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from microsatellite DNA. Genetics 144: 389–399.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, S.R. 1980. Analysing gene-frequency data when the effective population size is finite. Genetics 95: 489–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed