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JAPANESE NATIVE LIVESTOCK BREEDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2011

Taro Obata ,
Hisato Takeda  and
Takao Oishi
Taro Obata
Affiliation:
Department of Genetic Resources, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305JAPAN Present address: National Institute of Animal Industry, Tsukuba norin-danti, P.O.Box 5, Tsukuba, 305JAPAN
Hisato Takeda
Affiliation:
Department of Genetic Resources, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305JAPAN
Takao Oishi
Affiliation:
Department of Genetic Resources, National Institute of Agrobiological Resources, Kannondai, Tsukuba, 305JAPAN
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Summary

This paper discusses the conservation of native livestock breeds in Japan. These include native Japanese horses, cattle and goats, and domestic Japanese fowls. To best conserve the genes of these genetic resources it is necessary to keep them in the form of (a) live animals and (b) cryogenic storage of sperms, oocytes, embryos, cells, chromosomes and genes. Even that Japanese native livestock are also important as living'museums', it is further desirable to conserve them as live animals. However, there are many problems with conserving all of these breeds in a live form because of their low economic value in the market. For this reasons, it is necessary to combine this with the raising of animals for other purposes such as sale of products, tourist attractions in national parks, zoos and sightseeing farms, educational tools in agricultural schools and experimental animals.

Resume

Cet article présente le programme pour la conservation des races de bétail locales au Japon. Ceci concerne les races locales de chevaux, de vaches de chèvres et de volaille. Pour conserver les gènes de ces ressources génétiques il est nécéssaire de les maintenir en l'étatd de (a) animaux vivants et (b) stock congelé s de semence, ovocytes, embryons, cellules, chromosomes et gènes. Vu leur importance comme musées vivants, il est nécéssaire de les conserver sous forme d'animaux vivants. Toutefois ceci est difficile du fait de leur faible valeur économique. Pour cette raison il est nécéssaire d'associer l'élevage de ces animaux avec d'autres activités telles que la vente de produits, les attractions touristiques dans les parcs nationaux, les zoos ou les fermes réserves, les outils éducatifs dans les écoles et les fermes expérimentales.

Type
Research Articles
Information
Animal Genetic Resources/Resources génétiques animales/Recursos genéticos animales , Volume 13 , April 1994 , pp. 11 - 22
Copyright
Copyright © Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1994

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References

REFERENCES

Japanese Meat Conference: Domesticated animals of the world. JMC, Tokyo, 117–167, 1987, [In Japanese).Google Scholar
Catalogue of the native poultry of southeast Asia. FFTC Book Series, No.43, 1991, [In Japanese].Google Scholar
Obata, T., et al.: Preservation of animal genetic resources in Japan. Japan Agriculture Research Quarterly, 26, 1–6, 1992.Google Scholar
Obata, T.: Animal genetic resources in Japan. Proceedings of Japan-Russia workshop on genetic resources and biotechnology. NIAR, March, 1993.Google Scholar
Obata, T. and Takeda, H.: Germplasm conservation of Japanese native livestock breeds (Horses, Cattle and Goats). Japan Agriculture Research Quarterly, 27, 8–12, 1993.Google Scholar