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A REGIONAL ASSESSMENT OF OBSIDIAN USE IN THE POSTCLASSIC AZTATLAN TRADITION

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Daniel E. Pierce Open the ORCID record for Daniel E. Pierce [Opens in a new window]
Daniel E. Pierce*
Affiliation:
Institut de recherche sur les Archéomatériaux—Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l'archéologie, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Maison de l'Archéologie, Esplanade des Antilles, 33607 Pessac, France
*
E-mail correspondence to: [email protected]
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Abstract

Of the many items that were traded throughout the Postclassic (A.D. 850/900–1350) Aztatlan network, obsidian was perhaps the most prevalent. In this study, large assemblages of obsidian from five Aztatlan centers on the coastal plain are discussed: San Felipe Aztatan, Chacalilla, Amapa, Coamiles, and Peñitas. In total, over 12,000 obsidian artifacts were analyzed macroscopically and through handheld portable X-ray fluorescence. The results of these analyses illustrate regional patterns of obsidian use that appear consistent across the coastal plain. Generally, only three obsidian sources were used with frequency. The most proximal source was utilized for generalized reduction and probably acquired directly, while more distant obsidians from the Jalisco highlands are commonly found in the form of prismatic blades. These trends in obsidian use indicate an increase in source diversity concurrent with the development of the Aztatlan trade networks despite the local availability of quality obsidians. Finally, synchronic patterns of source distribution further indicate that sources were unevenly distributed as certain individuals likely had greater access to imported blades. In conclusion, this large study provides a regional perspective of obsidian use in Western Mexico on the coastal plain and showcases the pervasiveness of the obsidian trade during the Postclassic.

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Research Article
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Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , Summer 2022 , pp. 383 - 402
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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