Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T05:24:53.109Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

KA'KAW POTS AND COMMON CONTAINERS: CREATING HISTORIES AND COLLECTIVE MEMORIES AMONG THE CLASSIC MAYA OF XUNANTUNICH, BELIZE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2011

Lisa J. LeCount
Lisa J. LeCount*
Affiliation:
University of Alabama, Department of Anthropology, 19 ten Hoor Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0210
*
E-mail correspondence to: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Reconstruction of foodways at the Lowland Maya center of Xunantunich, Belize, illustrates how commensality is fundamental to the construction of multilayered identities. Collective memory and linear histories form the foundation of identities because they are the mental frameworks people use to construct shared pasts. At Xunantunich, community identity was expressed though pottery and practices associated with the preparation of foods for domestic consumption and public offerings. In a world of natural cycles centered on family reproduction, horticultural activities, and yearly ceremonies, these symbols and rituals structured the lives of all people and embodied within them a collective memory of community. Linear histories were recorded in images and texts on drinking paraphernalia that were likely used for toasting honored individuals, ancestors, or gods during commemorative rites. These inscriptions and bodily practices marked individuals and their houses as people and places of prominence with separate identities.

Type
Special Section: Current Perspectives on Social Memory
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , Fall 2010 , pp. 341 - 351
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anawalt, Patricia R. 1981 Indian Clothing before Cortes. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.Google Scholar
Ashmore, Wendy 1998 Monumentos políticos: Sitio, asentamiento, y paisaje alrededor de Xunantunich, Belice. In Anatomía de una civilización: Aproximaciones interdisciplinarias a la cultura maya, edited by Ruiz, Andrés Ciudad, pp. 161–183. Sociedad Española de Estudios Mayas, Madrid.Google Scholar
Audet, Carolyn M. 2006 Political Organization in the Belize Valley: Excavations at Baking Pot, Cahal Pech, and Xunantunich. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville.Google Scholar
Bell, Catherine M. 1992 Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. Oxford University Press, New York.Google Scholar
Brady, James E. 1989 An Investigation of Maya Ritual Cave Use with Special Reference to Naj Tunich, Guatemala. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Brady, James E. 1995 A Reassessment of the Chronology and Function of Gordon's Cave #3, Copan, Honduras. Ancient Mesoamerica 6:29–38.Google Scholar
Brady, James E., and Stone, Andrea 1986 Naj Tunich: Entrance to the Maya Underworld. Archaeology 36(6):18–25.Google Scholar
Brady, James E., Ware, Gene A., Luke, Barbara, Cobb, Allan, Fogarty, John, and Shade, Beverly 1997 Preclassic Cave Utilization near Cobanerita, San Benito. Mexicon 14(5):91–96.Google Scholar
Bradley, Richard 1990 The Passage of Arms: An Archaeological Analysis of Prehistoric Hoards and Votive Deposits. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Bradley, Richard 2005 Ritual and Domestic Life in Prehistoric Europe. Routledge, London and New York.Google Scholar
Braswell, Jennifer B. 1993 The 1993 Excavations at Group D, Xunantunich, Belize: Defining the Corporate Group. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project: 1996 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M., pp. 65–85. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Braswell, Jennifer B. 1994 Investigations at Group D, Xunantunich, Belize: A Nonroyal Elite Corporate Group. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project: 1994 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M. and Ashmore, Wendy, pp. 214–247. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. 1994 Ethnic Groups and Political Development in Ancient Mexico. In Factional Competition and Political Development in the New World, edited by Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. and Fox, John W., pp. 89–102. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Calvin, Inga 2009 Maya Hieroglyphic Writing: Maya Hieroglyphics Study Guide. The Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. Electronic document, http://www.famsi.org/Mayawriting/Calvin/. Accessed March 24, 2009.Google Scholar
Chase, Arlen 1985 Contextual Implications of Pictorial Vases from Tayasal, Petén. In Fourth Palenque Round Table, 1980, edited by Robertson, Merle G. and Benson, Elizabeth P., pp. 193–210. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Chase, Sabrina 1992 South Group Plaza I and Nabitunich Plaza Group. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project: 1992 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M., pp. 35–55. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Coe, Michael D. 1978 Lords of the Underworld: Masterpieces of Classic Maya Ceramics. The Art Museum, Princeton University Press, Princeton.Google Scholar
Coe, Sophie D., and Coe, Michael D. 1996 The True History of Chocolate. Thames and Hudson, New York.Google Scholar
Connell, Samuel 2000 Were They Well Connected? An Exploration of Ancient Maya Regional Integration from the Middle-Level Perspective of Chaa Creek, Belize. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Connerton, Paul 1989 How Societies Remember. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
David, Nicholas, Sterner, Judy, and Gavua, Kodzo 1988 Why Pots are Decorated. American Anthropologist 29:365–390.Google Scholar
DeBoer, Warren 1984 The Last Pottery Show: System and Sense in Ceramic Studies. In The Many Dimensions of Pottery: Ceramics in Archaeology and Anthropology, edited by Leeuw, Sander E. Van der and Pritchard, Alison C., pp. 527–568. Elbert Egges van Giffen Instituut voor Prae- and Protohistorie, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Douglas, Mary 1966 Purity and Danger. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.Google Scholar
Douglas, Mary 1971 Deciphering a Meal. In Myth, Symbol and Culture, edited by Geertz, Clifford, pp. 61–82. Norton, New York.Google Scholar
Feld, Steven, and Basso, Keith H. (editors) 1996 Senses of Place. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe.Google Scholar
Fields, Virginia M. 2004 The Royal Charter at Xunantunich. In The Ancient Maya of the Belize Valley: Half a Century of Archaeological Research, edited by Garber, James F., pp. 180–190. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Freidel, David 1981 Civilization as a State of Mind: The Cultural Evolution of the Lowland Maya. In The Transition to Statehood in the New World, edited by Jones, Grant D. and Kautz, Robert R., pp. 188–227, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
David, Freidel, Schele, Linda, and Parker, Joy 1993 Maya Cosmos: Three Thousand Years on the Shaman's Path. W. Morrow, New York.Google Scholar
Gann, Thomas W.F. 1925 Mystery Cities. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Google Scholar
Garber, James E. (editor) 2004 The Ancient Maya of the Belize Valley: Half a Century of Archaeological Research. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Gifford, James 1976 Prehistoric Pottery Analysis and the Ceramics of Barton Ramie in the Belize Valley. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 18. Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Gillespie, Susan 2010 Maya Memory Work. Ancient Mesoamerica 21:401–414.Google Scholar
Goody, Jack 1982 Cuisine, Cooking, and Class: A Study in Comparative Sociology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Grube, Nikolai 2001 Cacao: The Beverage of the Gods. In Maya: Divine Kings of the Rainforest, edited by Grube, Nikolai, pp. 32–33. Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, Köln.Google Scholar
Helmke, Christophe, and Awe, Jaime 2008 Organizaciòn territorial de los antigous mayas de Belice central: confluencia de datos arqueològicos y epigraficos. Mayab 20:65–91.Google Scholar
Helms, Mary 1999 Why Maya Lords Sat on Jaguar Thrones. In Material Symbols: Culture and Economy in Prehistory, edited by Robb, John E., pp.56–69. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Occasional Paper No. 26, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.Google Scholar
Hodder, Ian 1988 Comment. American Anthropologist: 29:382–383.Google Scholar
Houston, Stephen D., Stuart, David, and Taube, K. 1989 Folk Classification of Classic Maya Pottery. American Anthropologist 91:720–726.Google Scholar
Houston, Stephen D., Stuart, David, and Taube, K. 1992 Image and Text on the “Jauncy” Vase. In The Maya Vase Book, Vol. 3, edited by Kerr, Justin, pp. 498–512. Kerr Associates, New York.Google Scholar
Hurst, W. Jeffrey, Tarka, Stanley M. Jr., Powis, Terry G., Valdez, Fred Jr., Hester, Thomas R. 2002 Cacao Usage by the Earliest Maya Civilization. Nature 418:289–290.Google Scholar
Jamison, Thomas R. 1992 The Excavation of Structures A-1 and A-4. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project, 1992 Field Report, edited by Leventhal, Richard M., pp. 22–34. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Jamison, Thomas R. 2010 Control of Space and Political Legitimization: Xunantunich's Architecture and Site Planning. In Classic Maya Provincial Politics: The Classic Maya Center of Xunantunich and its Hinterlands, edited by LeCount, Lisa and Yaeger, Jason, pp. 122–144. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Jones, Sian 1997 The Archaeology of Ethnicity: Constructing Identities in the Past and Present. Routledge, London and New York.Google Scholar
Joyce, Rosemary 2003 Concrete Memories: Fragments of the Past in the Classic Maya Present (5000–1000 a.d.). In Archaeologies of Memory, edited by Dyke, Ruth M. Van and Alcock, Susan E., pp. 104–126. Blackwell, Malden, MA.Google Scholar
Joyce, Rosemary A., and Henderson, John S. 2007 From Feasting to Cuisine: Implications of Archaeological Research in an Early Honduran Village. American Anthropologist 109:642–653.Google Scholar
Kerr, Justin 1989 A Maya Vase from the Ik Site. Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University 48(2):32–36.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J. 1996 Pottery and Power: Feasting, Gifting, and Displaying Wealth among the Late and Terminal Classic Lowland Maya. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J. 1999 Polychrome Pottery and Political Strategies among the Late and Terminal Classic Lowland Maya. Latin American Antiquity 10:239–258.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J 2001 Like Water for Chocolate: Feasting and Political Ritual among the Late Classic Maya of Xunantunich, Belize. American Anthropologist 103:935–953.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J. 2010 Mount Maloney People? Domestic Pots, Everyday Practice, and the Social Formation of the Xunantunich Polity. In Classic Maya Provincial Politics: The Classic Maya Center of Xunantunich and its Hinterlands, edited by LeCount, Lisa and Yaeger, Jason, pp. 209–232. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J., and Yaeger, Jason 2010 Placing Xunantunich and its Hinterland Settlements in Perspective. In Classic Maya Provincial Politics: The Classic Maya Site of Xunantunich and its Hinterland, edited by LeCount, Lisa J. and Yaeger, Jason, pp. 337–369. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
LeCount, Lisa J., Yaeger, Jason, Leventhal, Richard M., and Ashmore, Wendy 2002 Dating the Rise and Fall of Xunantunich, Belize: A Late and Terminal Classic Lowland Maya Regional Center. Ancient Mesoamerica 13:41–63.Google Scholar
Lentz, David L. 1991 Maya Diets of the Rich and Poor: Paleoethnobotanical Evidence from Copan. American Antiquity 2:269–287.Google Scholar
Leventhal, Richard M., and Ashmore, Wendy 2004 Xunantunich in a Belize Valley Context. In The Ancient Maya of the Belize Valley: Half a Century of Archaeological Research, edited by Garber, James F., pp. 180–190. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Lévi-Strauss, Claude 1970 [1964] The Raw and the Cooked. Translated by Weightman, J. and Weightman, D.. Harper and Row, New York.Google Scholar
Lewis, Brandon 1995 Excavations of Structure A-3 and A-4. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project: 1995 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M. and Ashmore, Wendy, pp. 61–70. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Longyear, John M. 1952 Copan Ceramics: A Study of Southeastern Maya Pottery. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication No. 597, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
McAnany, Patricia A. 1995 Living with the Ancestors: Kinship to Kingship in Ancient Maya Society. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
McAnany, Patricia A. 2001 Cosmology and the Institutionalization of Hierarchy in the Maya Region. In From Leaders to Rulers, edited by Haas, Jonathan, pp. 125–150. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York.Google Scholar
McAnany, Patricia A. 2004 K'axob: Ritual, Work and Family in an Ancient Maya Village. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Publication, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
McGovern, James O. 1994 Actuncan, Belize: The 1994 Excavation Season. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project: 1994 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M. and Ashmore, Wendy, pp. 108–122. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
McNeil, Cameron L. (editor) 2006 Chocolate in Mesoamerica: A Cultural History of Cacao. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.Google Scholar
Merwin, Raymond E., and Vaillant, George C. 1932 The Ruins of Holmul Guatemala. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. III. No. 2. Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Meskell, Lynn 2003 Memory's Materiality: Ancestral Presence, Commemorative Practice and Disjunctive Locales. In Archaeologies of Memory, edited by Dyke, Ruth M. Van and Alcock, Susan E., pp. 34–55. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Miksicek, Charles H., Bird, Robert McK., Pickersgill, Barbara, Donaghey, Sara, Cartwright, Juliette, and Hammond, Norman 1981 Preclassic Lowland Maize from Cuello, Belize. Nature 289:56–59.Google Scholar
Miller, Daniel 1985 Artefacts as Categories. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Miller, Julie 1995 Tunneling Excavations in El Castillo. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project 1995 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M. and Ashmore, Wendy, pp. 26–37. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Nash, June 1970 In the Eyes of the Ancestors: Belief and Behavior in a Maya Community. Yale University Press, New Haven.Google Scholar
Ohnuki-Terney, Emiko 1993 Rice as Self: Japanese Identities Through Time. Princeton University Press, Princeton.Google Scholar
Ortner, Sherry B. 1973 On Key Symbols. American Anthropologist 75:1338–1346.Google Scholar
Ortner, Sherry B. 1975 God's Bodies, God's Food: A Symbolic Analysis of Sherpa Ritual. In The Interpretation of Symbolism, edited by Willis, Roy, pp. 133–169, Melaby Press, London.Google Scholar
Pendergast, David M., and Graham, Elizabeth 1981 Fighting a Looting Battle: Xunantunich, Belize. Archaeology 34(4):12–19.Google Scholar
Plutschow, Herbert 2003 Rediscovering Rikyu and the Beginnings of the Japanese Tea Ceremony. Global Oriental, Kent, United Kingdom.Google Scholar
Powis, Terry G., Stanchly, Norbert, White, Christine, Healy, Paul, Awe, Jaime, and Longstaffe, Fred 1999 A Reconstruction of Middle Preclassic Maya Subsistence Economy at Cahal Pech, Belize. Antiquity 73:264–276.Google Scholar
Powis, Terry G., Valdez, Fred Jr., Hester, Thomas R., Hurst, W. Jeffrey, and Tarka, Stanley M. Jr. 2002 Spouted Vessels and Cacao Use Among the Preclassic Maya. Latin American Antiquity 13:85–106.Google Scholar
Preziosi, Aimee M. 2003 Patterns of Style, The Ceramic Record and Community Differentiation: A Study from Xunantunich, Belize. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Redfield, Robert, and Rojas, Alfonso Villa 1967 Chan Kom: A Maya Village. University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London.Google Scholar
Reents-Budet, Dorie 1994 Painting the Maya Universe: Royal Ceramics of the Classic Period. Duke University Press, Durham, NC, and London.Google Scholar
Reents-Budet, Dorie 2000 Feasting Among the Classic Maya: Evidence from the Pictorial Ceramics. In The Maya Vase Book: A Corpus of Rollout Photographs of Maya Vases, edited by Kerr, Barbara and Kerr, Justin, pp. 1022–1037. Kerr Associates, New York.Google Scholar
Reents-Budet, Dorie 2001 Classic Maya Concepts of the Royal Court: An Analysis of Renderings on Pictorial Ceramics. In Royal Courts of the Ancient Maya. Volume 1: Theory, Comparison, and Synthesis, edited by Inomata, Takeshi and Houston, Stephen D., pp. 195–236. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.Google Scholar
Reents-Budet, Dorie 2005 Act Locally, Think Internationally: The Pottery of Baking Pot. In Archaeological Investigations in the Eastern Maya Lowlands: Papers of the 2004 Belize Archaeology Symposium, Vol. 2, edited by Awe, Jaime, Morris, John, and Jones, Sherilyne, pp. 365–386. Belmopan, Belize.Google Scholar
Reina, Rueben E., and Hill, Robert M. II 1978 The Traditional Pottery of Guatemala. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Robin, Cynthia 1994 Early Monumental Construction at Xunantunich: Preliminary Investigations of Group E and O/A2-1. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project 1994 Field Season, edited by Leventhal, Richard M. and Ashmore, Wendy, pp. 101–107. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar
Sabloff, Jeremy A. 1986 Interaction among Maya Polities: A Preliminary Examination. In Peer Polity Interaction and Socio-Political Change, edited by Renfrew, Colin and Cherry, John F., pp. 109–116. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Salhins, Marshall 1976 Culture and Practical Reason. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Sandstrom, Alan R. 1991 Corn is Our Blood: Culture and Ethnic Identity in a Contemporary Aztec Indian Village. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman and London.Google Scholar
Schortman, Edward M., Urban, Patricia A., and Ausec, Marne 2001 Politics with Style: Identity Formation in Prehispanic Southeastern Mesoamerica. Current Anthropology 103:312–330.Google Scholar
Sen XV, Soshitsu 1979 Tea Life, Tea Mind. Urasenke Foundation, Kyoto and Weatherhill, NY.Google Scholar
Smith, Robert E. 1955 Ceramic Sequence at Uaxactun, Guatemala, 2 vols. Middle American Research Institute, Publication 20, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.Google Scholar
Stuart, David 1988 The Rio Azul Cacao Pot: Epigraphic Observations on the Function of a Maya Ceramic Vessel. Antiquity 62:153–157.Google Scholar
Sutton, David E. 2001 Remembrance of Repasts: An Anthropology of Food and Memory. Berg, Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Tanaka, Sen'o, and Tanaka, Sendo 2000 The Tea Ceremony. Kodansha International, Tokyo.Google Scholar
Taube, Karl 1985 The Classic Maya Maize God: A Reappraisal. In Fifth Palenque Round Table, 1983, edited by Robertson, Merle G. and Fields, Virginia M., pp. 171–181. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Taube, Karl 1989 The Maize Tamale in Classic Maya Diet, Epigraphy, and Art. American Antiquity 54:31–51.Google Scholar
Tedlock, Dennis 1996 Popul Vuh: The Definitive Edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kinds, 2nd ed.Touchstone, Simon and Schuster, New York.Google Scholar
Thomas, Julian 1996 Time, Culture and Identity. Routledge, London and New York.Google Scholar
Thompson, J. Eric S. 1942 Late Ceramic Horizons at Benque Viejo, British Honduras. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication No. 528, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Thompson, Raymond 1958 Modern Yucatecan Maya Pottery Making. Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology, Vol. 23(4), Part 2. Salt Lake City, UT.Google Scholar
Turner, Victor 1982 From Ritual to Theatre: The Human Seriousness of Play. Performing Arts Journal Publications, New York.Google Scholar
Tozzer, Alfred M. 1941 Landa's Relacion de las Cosas de Yucatán. Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 18. Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Van Dyke, Ruth M., and Alcock, Susan E. 2003 Archaeologies of Memory: An Introduction. In Archaeologies of Memory, edited by Dyke, Ruth M. Van and Alcock, Susuan E., pp. 1–14. Blackwell, Malden, MA.Google Scholar
Vogt, Evon Z. 1969 Zinacantan: A Maya Community in the Highlands of Chiapas. Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Vogt, Evon Z. 1993 [1976] Tortillas for the Gods: A Symbolic Analysis of Zinacanteco Rituals. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.Google Scholar
Warren, Kay 1978 The Symbolism of Subordination: Indian Identity in a Guatemalan Town. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Watanabe, John 1992 Saints and Souls in a Changing World. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Wiessner, Polly 1983 Style and Social Information in Kalahari San Projectile Points. American Antiquity 48:253–276.Google Scholar
Wobst, H. Martin 2001 Agency in (Spite of) Material Culture. In Agency in Archaeology, edited by Dobres, Marcia-Anne and Robb, John, pp. 40–50. Routledge, London and New York.Google Scholar
Wyman, Daniel R. K. 2006 Trading in Royalty. Ceramic Exchange and the Development of Classic Maya Interregional Politics at Actuncan, Belize. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Yaeger, Jason 2010 Shifting Political Dynamics as Seen from the Xunantunich Palace. In Provincial Politics: The Classic Maya Site of Xunantunich and its Hinterland. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.Google Scholar
Zeleznik, Scott 1993 The 1993 Excavations and Consolidation of Structure A-1. In Xunantunich Archaeological Project, 1993 Field Report, edited by Leventhal, Richard M., pp. 29–55. Submitted to the Belize Department of Archaeology, Belmopan.Google Scholar