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THE PRECERAMIC AND EARLY CERAMIC PERIODS IN BELIZE AND THE CENTRAL MAYA LOWLANDS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2021

W. James Stemp Open the ORCID record for W. James Stemp [Opens in a new window] ,
Jaime J. Awe Open the ORCID record for Jaime J. Awe [Opens in a new window] ,
Joyce Marcus ,
Christophe Helmke Open the ORCID record for Christophe Helmke [Opens in a new window]  and
Lauren A. Sullivan Open the ORCID record for Lauren A. Sullivan [Opens in a new window]
W. James Stemp*
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminology, Keene State College, Keene, New Hampshire 03435-3400, United States
Jaime J. Awe
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011-5200, United States
Joyce Marcus
Affiliation:
Museum of Anthropological Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1259, United States
Christophe Helmke
Affiliation:
Institute of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen, Karen Blixens Plads 8, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
Lauren A. Sullivan
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
*
E-mail correspondence to: [email protected]
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Abstract

This introduction to the Special Section provides a summary of our current understanding of the first humans and the first Maya in these regions and presents seven articles that examine these critical periods from varied, intersecting perspectives. The Introduction begins with a brief history of early preceramic research (primarily in northern Belize) and provides a current chronology for the Paleoindian, Archaic, and Early Preclassic periods. The Paleoindian and Archaic (ca. 11,500–900 b.c.) periods are discussed in terms of the origins of the first peoples in these regions, lithic technology, subsistence, and early ritual. Next, a summary of archaeological evidence for the transition to the first villages (ca. 1200–800 b.c.) is provided, with examinations of a horticultural lifestyle, the earliest ceramics, increased socio-economic complexity, new ideology and ritual practices, and developing social inequality. Proto-Mayan and Mayan languages—their dating, origin, and early lexicon—are discussed in relation to the first Maya. Material culture and language are explored with regard to conceptions of Maya culture.

Type
Special Section: The Preceramic and Early Ceramic Periods in Belize and the Central Maya Lowlands
Information
Ancient Mesoamerica , Volume 32 , Issue 3 , Fall 2021 , pp. 416 - 438
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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References

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