Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T08:17:01.988Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

BURIAL PRACTICES AT TEOTIHUACAN IN THE EARLY POSTCLASSIC PERIOD: The Vaillant and Linné Excavations (1931–1932)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2006

Christina M. Elson
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street at Central Park West, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA
Kenneth Mowbray
Affiliation:
American Museum of Natural History, 79th Street at Central Park West, New York, NY 10024-5192, USA

Abstract

In 1931 and 1932, George Vaillant and Sigvald Linné excavated 34 burials and 17 offerings dating to the Early Postclassic period (a.d. 900–1150). The features were located on the ruins of the Classic-period site of Teotihuacan and within the boundaries of a roughly 25–50 ha zone identified by the Teotihuacan Mapping Project as having a dense Early Postclassic-period occupation. The results of Vaillant's excavations have not been published. An examination of the Vaillant–Linné data sheds new light on Early Postclassic-period mortuary ritual and social organization. The identification of several types of burials shows that local people conducted primary and secondary mortuary rituals and indicates the presence of at least two social strata at the site. The content of the burials and offerings supports a division of the Early Postclassic period into two local phases, Mazapan (ca. a.d. 900–1000) and Atlatongo (ca. a.d. 1000–1100/1150), with these features dating to the earlier phase.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Acosta, Jorge 1956–1957 Interpretación de algunos de los datos obtenidos en Tula relativos a la época Tolteca. Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos XIV(2):75110.Google Scholar
Armillas, Pedro 1950 Teotihuacán, Tula, y Los Toltecas. Las culturas post-arcaicas y pre-aztecas de centro de México. Excavaciones y estudios, 1922–1950. RUNA III:3770.Google Scholar
Bastien, Remy 1946 Informe sobre las exploraciones hechas en el Pozo de las Calaveras, Teotihuacán, 1946. Manuscript on file, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Caso, Alfonso 1969 El tesoro de Monte Albán. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H. 1998 Urban Influences at Rural Sites: Teotihuacán and Its Near Hinterlands. Report submitted to the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (http://www.famsi.org).Google Scholar
Charlton, Thomas H., and Deborah L. Nichols 1997 Diachronic Studies of City-States: Permutations on a Theme—Central Mexico from 1700 b.c. to A.D. 1600. In The Archaeology of City-States: Cross Cultural Approaches, edited by Deborah L. Nichols and Thomas H. Charlton, pp. 169208. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Cobean, Robert H. 1990 La cerámica de Tula, Hidalgo. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Cobean, Robert H., and Guadalupe Mastache 1989 The Late Classic and Early Postclassic Chronology of the Tula Region. In Tula of the Toltecs, edited by Dan M. Healan, pp. 3546. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City.Google Scholar
Cowgill, George L. 1996 A Reconsideration of the Postclassic Chronology of Central Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica 7:325331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowgill, George L. 2003 Introduction to the 2003 Edition: Xolalpan after Seventy Years. In Archaeological Researches at Teotihuacán, Mexico, by Sigvald Linné, pp. xiiixxi. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Crider, Destiny 2002 Coyotlatelco Phase Community Structure at Teotihuacán. Master's paper in anthropology, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe.Google Scholar
Crider, Destiny, Deborah L. Nichols, Hector Neff, and Michael D. Glascock 2003 Epiclassic Ceramic Production and Distribution in the Teotihuacán Valley. Paper presented at the68th meeting of the Society of American Archaeology, Milwaukee, WI.Google Scholar
Diehl, Richard A. 1983 Tula: The Toltec Capital of Ancient Mexico. Thames and Hudson, London.Google Scholar
Diehl, Richard A. 1989 A Shadow of Its Former Self: Teotihuacán during the Coyotlatelco Period. In Mesoamerica after the Decline of Teotihuacán, A.D. 700–900, edited by Richard A. Diehl and Janet C. Berlo, pp. 918. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
EMYSystem 1999 Turtles of the World. Terra Cognita Laboratory, Oregon State University, Corvallis. Available at http://emys.geo.orst.edu/default.html.Google Scholar
Evans, Susan 1986 Analysis of the Surface Sample Ceramics. In The Teotihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, Part 1—Excavations and Ceramics, edited by William T. Sanders, pp. 283366. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 13. Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Guzmán, Eulalia 1938 Un manuscrito de la Colección Buturini que trata de los antiguos señores de Teotihuacán. Ethnos 3(4–5): 89103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hodge, Mary 1984 Aztec City States. Memoirs of the Museum of Anthropology of the University of Michigan No. 18. Ann Arbor.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarquín Pacheco, Ana María, and Enrique Martínez Vargas 1991 Sacrificio de niños. Arquelogía, segunda época. 6:6984.Google Scholar
Koehler, Thomas 1986 Excavations at Maquixco Bajo. In The Tetihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, Part 1—Excavations and Ceramics, edited by William T. Sanders, pp. 752. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 13. Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Linné, Sigvald 1934 Archaeological Researches at Teotihuacán, Mexico. Ethnographic Museum of Sweden. New Series, Publication No. 1. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Linné, Sigvald 1938 A Mazapan Grave at Teotihuacán, Mexico. Ethnos 3:167178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Manzanilla, Linda, Claudia López, and AnnCorinne Freter 1996 Dating Results from Excavations in the Quarry Tunnels behind the Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacán. Ancient Mesoamerica 7:245266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mastache, Alba Guadalupe, Robert H. Cobean, and Dan M. Healan 2002 Ancient Tollan: Tula and the Toltec Heartland. University Press of Colorado, Boulder.Google Scholar
Middleton, William D., Gary M. Feinman, and Guillermo Molina Villegas. 1998 Tomb Use and Reuse in Oaxaca, Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica 9(2):297307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millon, René 1973 Urbanization at Teotihuacán, Mexico, Volume 1: The Teotihuacán Map, Part 2. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Millon, René 1981 Teotihuacán: City State and Civilization. In Handbook of Middle American Indians, Supplement 1: Archaeology, edited by Victoria R. Bricker and Jeremy A. Sabloff, pp. 198243. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Millon, René 1988 The Last Years of Teotihuacán Dominance. In The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations, edited by Norman Yoffee and George L. Cowgill, pp. 102164. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millon, René, R. Bruce Drewitt, and George L. Cowgill. 1973 Urbanization at Teotihuacán, Mexico. In The Teotihuacán Map Part 2: Maps. University of Texas Press, Austin.Google Scholar
Munch, G. Guido 1976 El Cacicazgo de San Juan Teotihuacán durante la Colonia, 1521–1821. Colección Científica e Historica, 32. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Nichols, Deborah, and Thomas Charlton 1996 The Postclassic Occupation at Teotihuacán: A Chronological Assessment. Ancient Mesoamerica 7:231244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, Deborah, Elizabeth Brumfiel, Hector Neff, Mary Hodge, Thomas Charlton, and Michael D. Glascock 2002 Neutrons, Markets, Cities and Empires: A 1,000-Year Perspective on Ceramic Production and Distribution in the Postclassic Basin of Mexico. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 21:2582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ousley, S.D., and R.L. Jantz 1996 FORDISC 2.0 Personal Computer Forensic Discriminant Functions. Forensic Anthropology Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.Google Scholar
Parsons, Jeffrey 1989 Arqueología regional en la Cuenca de México: Una estratégia para la investigación futura. Anales de Antropología 26:157257.Google Scholar
Parsons, Jeffrey, Elizabeth Brumfiel, and Mary Hodge 1996 The Implication of Earlier Dates for Early Aztec in the Basin of Mexico. Ancient Mesoamerica 7:217230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn C. 1966 An Archaeological and Stylistic Study of Coyotlatelco Pottery. In Mesoamerican Notes 7–8, pp. 87211. University of the Americas, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn C. 1996 A Regional Perspective on the Epicalssic Period in Central Mexico. In Arqueología Mesoamericana: Homenaje and William T. Sanders, edited by Alba Guadalupe Mastache, Jeffrey Parsons, Robert S. Santley, and Mari C. Serra Puche, pp. 213231. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Rattray, Evelyn C. 2001 Teotihuacán Ceramics: Chronology and Cultural Trends. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia–University of Pittsburgh, Mexico City.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T. 1986 Ceramic Chronology. In The Teotihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, Part 1—Excavations and Ceramics, edited by William T. Sanders, pp. 367373. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 13. Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T. 2003 Collapse and Abandonment in Middle America. In The Archaeology of Settlement Abandonment in Middle America, edited by Takeshi Inomata and Ronald W. Webb, pp. 193202. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T. (editor) 1986 The Teotihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, Part 1—Excavations and Ceramics. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 13, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T. (editor) 1987 The Teotihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, part 2—Surface Survey and Special Studies. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 15, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T., and Carson N. Murdy 1987 Mapping Toltec Period Settlement in the Teotihuacán Valley: Commentary. In The Teotihuacán Valley Project, Final Report, Volume 4: The Toltec Period Occupation, Part 2—Surface Survey and Special Studies, edited by William T. Sanders, pp. 517538. Occasional Papers in Anthropology No. 15, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.Google Scholar
Sanders, William T., Jeffrey Parsons, and Robert S. Santley 1979 The Basin of Mexico: Ecological Process in the Evolution of a Civilization. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Scott, Sue 1993 Teotihuacán and Mazapan Figurines: A Link between the Basin of Mexico and the Valley of Oaxaca. Vanderbilt University Publications in Anthropology No. 44. Nashville, TN.Google Scholar
Sempowski, Martha L. 1994 Mortuary Practices at Teotihuacán. In Mortuary Practices and Skeletal Remains at Teotihuacán, by Martha L. Sempowski and Michael W. Spence, 1314. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.Google Scholar
Smith, Michael E. 1992 Archaeological Researches at Aztec Period Sites in Morels, Mexico, vol. 1. University of Pittsburgh Memoirs in Latin American Archaeology No. 4. Pittsburgh.Google Scholar
Tolstoy, Paul 1958 Surface Survey of the Northern Valley of Mexico: The Classic and Postclassic Periods. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 48(5).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tozzer, Alfred 1921 Excavation of a Site at Santiago Ahuitzotla, D.F. Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 74, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Vaillant, George C. 1932 Stratigraphical Research in Central Mexico. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 18(7):487490.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vaillant, George C. 1935 Early Cultures of the Valley of Mexico: Results of the Stratigraphical Project of the American Museum of Natural History in the Valley of Mexico, 1928–1933. American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers 35:279328.Google Scholar
Vaillant, George C. 1938 A Correlation of the Archaeological and Historical Sequences in the Valley of Mexico. American Anthropologist 40(4): 535573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaillant, George C. 1941 The Aztecs of Mexico. Doubleday, New York.Google Scholar