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Twins and Research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 February 2016

David C. Rife
David C. Rife*
Affiliation:
Institute of Genetics of the Ohio State University, Columbus (U. S. A.)

Summary

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1. The uses of twins as a tool to estimate heritability are reviewed.

2. Comparisons of dizygotic twins with sibs provide a means of estimating how effective conditions in utero common to both types of twins may be in producing intra-pair differences.

3. Genetic variations in plasticity should be taken into consideration in the interpretation of data obtained from twins.

4. Methods for testing simple modes of inheritance by information obtained from dizygotic twins are reviewed.

Riassunto

Riassunto

1. Furono riesaminate le uti lizzazioni dei gemelli come mezzo per valutare l’eredità.

2. Il confronto fra gemelli dizigotici e fratelli mononati fornisce un mezzo per valutare come in effetti le condizioni endouterine, comuni ai due tipi di gemelli, possano produrre delle differenze intrageminali.

3. Nella interpretazione dei dati forniti dai gemelli si potrebbero prendere in considerazione le variazioni genetiche riguardanti la plasticità.

4. Furono riesaminati i metodi per accertare i meccanismi ereditari elementari sulla base delle informazioni ottenute dai gemelli dizigotici.

Résumé

Résumé

1. On a réexaminé l’utilisation des jumeaux comme moyen d’appréciation des facteurs héréditaires.

2. La confrontation de jumeaux dizygotiques et de frères ordinaires permet d’établir comment les conditions intra-utérines, communes aux deux types de jumeaux, peuvent produire des différences intra-gémellaires.

3. Dans l’interprétation des données fournies par les jumeaux on pourrait prendre en considération les variations génétiques relatives à la plasticité.

4. On a réexaminé les méthodes propres à déterminer les mécanismes héréditaires élémentaires sur la base des informations obtenues par l’étude des jumeaux dizygotiques.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

1. Die Verwendung von Zwillingen zur Bewertung der Erbfaktoren wurde überprüft.

2. Der Vergleich von dizygotischen Zwillingen mit gewöhnlichen Brüdern ermöglicht es festzustellen, wie die Bedingungen im Mutterleib, welche für beide Zwillingsarten gleich sind, Verschiedenheiten zwischen Zwillingen hervorbringen können.

3. Genetische Variationen der Plástizitat könnten in Betracht gezogen werden bei der Auslegung der Gegebenheiten bei Zwillingen.

4. Methoden um einfache Vererbungsweisen durch eingeholte Angaben iiber dizygotische Zwillinge zu erarbeiten, wurden überprüft.

Type
Research Article
Information
Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research , Volume 1 , Issue 1 , January 1952 , pp. 14 - 24
Copyright
Copyright © The International Society for Twin Studies 1952

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