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Presence of an Endothelioid Tubelike Structure at the Interface of the Amniotic Membranes in Twins with Single and Double Placenta. Growth Factors Involvement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2014

M. Bondì ,
G. Brenci  and
M. Bondì Jr.
M. Bondì*
Affiliation:
The Gregor Mendel Institute of Medical Genetics and Twin Studies, Rome, Italy
G. Brenci
Affiliation:
The Gregor Mendel Institute of Medical Genetics and Twin Studies, Rome, Italy
M. Bondì Jr.*
Affiliation:
The Gregor Mendel Institute of Medical Genetics and Twin Studies, Rome, Italy
*
Mendel Institute, Piazza Galeno 5, 00162 Rome, Italy
Mendel Institute, Piazza Galeno 5, 00162 Rome, Italy

Abstract

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A histomorphological study of the amniotic membranes in full-term twins with double and single placenta was carried out by means of the silver impregnation staining technique suitably modified. Specimens of interface of amniotic membranes were prepared by means of sections. The constant presence of a tubelike structure was observed. Proceeding from the amniotic cavity, the following histological layers were noted: 1) single layer of amniotic cells; 2) amorphic substance with fibrocytes; 3) single layer of endothelial cells. The same order of single layer is present in the amniotic membrane of the second fetus. This tubelike structure is present only in cases of twins with double placenta. If the placenta is single with two umbilical cords, the tubelike structure is not present and only a central amorphic substance surrounded by two single layers of amniotic cells is observed, to confirm the single embryogenetic derivation (monovular). Therefore, through this histological method, we can recognize the true single placenta of twin pregnancy from the pseudosingle placenta so said for the presence of adherences of adjoining surfaces that make it appear single. On the contrary, by manual dissection it is possible to identify a twin pregnancy with two placentae. From the physiological point of view, the walls of the tubelike structure have probably the function to realize exchanges of amniotic liquids between the two fetuses, so as to obtain a balance of electrolytic ions and of intercavity pressure. Growth factors (vascular endothelial factor) are probably involved in the genesis of the endothelial tubelike structure.

Keywords

Twin placentationEndothelioid tubelike structureGrowth factors
Type
Research Article
Information
Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research , Volume 40 , Issue 1 , January 1991 , pp. 91 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © The International Society for Twin Studies 1991

References

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