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Viceroy Revillagigedo II as Vice-Patron of the Church

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

James M. Manfredini
James M. Manfredini*
Affiliation:
University of Texas, Austin, Texas
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Extract

Las funciones del patronato real que ejerce el virrey como vice-patrono son de las que más hacen resaltar la autoridad de aquel empleo por la trascendencia … del concepto que imprime en el pueblo el ver distinguida la persona del que les manda aún dentro del templo….

Revillagigedo in Instrucción Reservada.

In Addition to being Head of the civil government in his capacity as governor, and commander-in-chief of the armed forces as captain general, the Spanish viceroy was also ecclesiastical patron in the colony. In this capacity he held the title of vice-patrono.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 7 , Issue 1 , July 1950 , pp. 51 - 62
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1950

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References

1 Fisher, Estelle L., Viceregal Administration in the Spanish-American Colonies (Berkeley, 1926), 338–339 Google Scholar.

2 Smith, Donald E. (Berkeley, 1914)Google Scholar, The Viceroy of New Spain, 107, 231.

3 Juan Vicente Güemez Pacheco de Padilla Horcacitas y Aguayo, Conde de Revillagigedo, Instrucción reservada que el Conde de Revillagigedo dio a su sucesor en el mando, Marqués de Branciforte, sobre el gobierno de este continente en el tiempo que fué su virrey, Mexico, 1794, arts. 25, 26 (MS. copy in the Library of the University of Texas). For the biography of Revillagigedo, see Magner, James A., Men of Mexico (Milwaukee, 1942), 173–205 Google Scholar.

4 Revillagigedo, Instrucción …, arts. 29–32.

5 Ibid., art. 34.

6 Ibid., arts. 37–41.

7 Ibid., arts. 45, 46.

8 Ibid., arts. 47, 48; Cavo, Andrés, Los tres siglos de México durante el gobierno español hasta la entrada del ejército trigarante…. Publicado con notas y suplemento en 1836 por el licenciado D. Carlos María de Bustamante (Mexico, 1852), 195 Google Scholar.

9 Bustamante, in Cavo, op. cit., 195; Manuel Cambas, Rivera Los Gobernantes de México (Mexico, 1872–1873), I, 478;Google Scholar Gazeta de México (Mexico, 1784–1821), December 22, 1789, Gazeta …, July 6, 1790; Gazeta …, May 24, 1791.

10 Bustamante, in Cavo, op. cit., 196.

11 Revillagigedo, Instrucción …, arts. 49–52.

12 Ibid., arts. 93–97.

13 Lieutenant Colonel of Dragoons Don José Romeu, Governor of California, having died, Revillagigedo recommended that the new appointee of the king be a man “of good talent, military ability, physical strength, ready to endure the greatest fatigues, of prudent conduct, absolute honesty and rapidity of action. He should be imbued with genuine zeal for the service because he will need all [these qualities] to govern the vast territory of the peninsula, to make sure of its defenses, and of the best arrangements of the presidio troops. He must be able to counteract with art and, if necessary, with force, the ideas, wiles and other infiltrations of the English, and to contribute to the improvement of town and missions, extending them as far as the Colorado River….” Revillagigedo to Godoy, April 12, 1793, in Cavo, op. cit., 200 ff.

14 Revillagigedo to Godoy, ibid.

15 Juan Vicente Güemez Pacheco de Padilla Horcacitas y Aguayo, Conde de Revillagigedo, Informe del Virrey de Nueva España, Conde de Revilla Gigedo sobre las Misiones de aquellos Dominios, comparando el actual estado de ellas con el que tenían las que entregaron los ex-Jesuitas al tiempo de su expatriación. Mexico, 1793. (MS. copy in the Library of the University of Texas).

16 Revillagigedo, Informe … sobre las Misiones … (MS. cited in preceding note) : “Misiones de California,” arts. 7–47; “Misiones de Sonora y Sinaloa,” arts. 48–49; “Misiones de la Intendencia de Durango establecidas en Territorio de la Nueva Vizcaya,” arts. 90–118; “Misiones de la Provincia del Nuevo México,” arts. 119–154; “Misiones de la Provincia de Coahuila o Nueva Extremadura comprendida en el grande Distrito de la Intendencia de San Luis Potosí,” arts. 155–186; “Misiones de la Provincia de Texas Comprendida en la distante Intendencia de San Luis Potosí,” arts. 187–236; “Misiones del Nuevo Reyno de León perteneciente a la Intendencia de San Luis Potosí separado de la comandancia general de provincias Internas y sugeto al Virreynato,” arts. 237–263; “Misiones de la mencionada Provincia del Nuevo Santander también Perteneciente a la Intendencia de Potosí y sugeta al Virreynato,” arts. 264–308; “Misiones de Sierra Gorda y Custodias de Tampico y Río-Verde,” arts. 309–365; “Misiones del Nayarit y Cototlán,” arts. 366–406.

During Revillagigedo’s administration were founded the missions of La Soledad (1791) and Santa Cruz (1791) in California, and the mission of Nuestra Señora del Refugio (1791) in Texas.

17 The elder Conde de Revillagigedo, whose full name was Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas, was the forty-first viceroy of Mexico. He governed from 1746 to 1755.

18 Revillagigedo, Informe … sobre las Misiones …, art. 429.