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Pre-Modern Interest Groups and Government: Brazil in the Nineteenth Century*
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 December 2015
Extract
Despite the considerable scholarly attention given contemporary interest groups (also known as pressure groups), there are few studies of their governmental influence and operations in a premodern setting. Such studies could tell us much, not only about the historical roots of interest groups, but about governmental processes in premodern nations. Brazil in the nineteenth century is a good subject for such research. With its economy largely based on varied agricultural and raw material export, it was also the scene of incipient industrialization. Under a constitutional monarchy, it had modified representative government, and basic political rights were respected. Nineteenth-century Brazilian interest groups, in addition to illustrating the characteristics of pre-modern interest organizations, strongly influenced governmental decision-making and public opinion and foreshadowed the activities of the much more numerous and varied groups of the twentieth century.
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- Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1990
Footnotes
*
For their helpful comments and advice the author would like to thank James Eddy, Neill Macaulay, J. Ignacio Mendez, and John Hoyt Williams.
References
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76 Jornal de Noticias (Salvador), Nov. 18, 1899, p.l.
77 Associação Comercial do Maranhão, Relatório, Janeiro a Dezembro de 1891 (São Luís: Frías, 1892), p. 4.
78 Minutes, meeting of May 12, 1891, Livro 7 de Atas, AACP, p. 53.
79 David M. Burke to Department of State, Salvador, June 8, 1891, U.S. National Archives/Department of State (NA/DS) Microfilm Series T-331, Despatches from United States’ Consuls in Bahia, 1850–1906, Vol. 6, unpaginated.
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83 Ibid., p. 148. The Centro Industrial do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, was created in 1904. There was no carryover of directors or other leaders from the Auxiliary Society for National Industry, whose possessions were inherited by the Centro. Minutes, meeting of Aug. 18, 1904, Centro Industrial do Brasil, Atas, 1904–1923, ACIRJ, p. 1.
84 For example, “A Mentalidade Económica e as Associaçães Comerciais,” Revista de Direito Comercial, 40, vol. 10 (1940), 338; da Costa, João e Sobrinho, Silva Santos Noutros Tempos (São Paulo: Revista dos Tribunals, 1953), p. 251.Google Scholar
85 Schmitter, p. 195.