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José Ingenieros, Argentine Intellectual Historian: La Evolución de Las Ideas Argentinas

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Paul S. Holbo
Paul S. Holbo*
Affiliation:
University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
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Extract

When Dr. José Ingenieros died in late October, 1925, the New York Times published a brief notice of his passing. The obituary mentioned that the “noted Argentine alienist [psychiatrist] and writer ”had attended the Pan-American Scientific Congress held at Washington, D. C. in 1915. But it stressed his recent advocacy of the slogan “Latin America for the Latin Americans ”and his suggestion that the Pan American Union be replaced by a Latin American Union, which would be free of the influence of “foreign imperialism ”and North American “money lenders.”

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , July 1964 , pp. 20 - 35
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1964

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References

1 New York Times, November 2, 1925, p. 23, April 22, 1923, VIII, 5. The Argentine delegation to the Pan-American Scientific Congress, which was headed by Ernesto Quesada, proposed a union of American colleges and universities, the exchange of professors, students, and publications, and joint efforts to preserve Indian relics. New York Times, December 29, 1915, p. 3.

2 Torres-Rioseco, Arturo, “José Ingenieros (1877–1925),” The Southwestern Political and Social Science Quarterly, Vol. VI, No. 4 (March, 1926), pp. 295–304 Google Scholar.

3 Crawford, William Rex, A Century of Latin-American Thought (2nd edition; Cambridge, Mass., 1961)Google Scholar. Estrada, Juan Carlos Torchia, La filosofia en la Argentina (Washington, 1961)Google Scholar. Soler, Ricaurte, El positivismo argentino, pensamiento filosófico y sociológico (Panamá, 1959)Google Scholar. Bermann, Gregorio, La obra científica de José Ingenieros (Córdoba, 1929)Google Scholar. The entire number of Revista de Filosofía, Vol. XXIII (January, 1926), is devoted to Ingenieros.

4 There are three biographical studies of Ingenieros: Bermann, Gregorio, José Ingenieros, el civilizador, el filósofo, el moralista (Buenos Aires, 1926)Google Scholar ; Agosti, Héctor P., José Ingenieros, ciudadano de la juventud (Buenos Aires, 1945)Google Scholar; Bagú, Sergio, Vida ejemplar de José Ingenieros, juventud y plenitud (Buenos Aires, 1936; 2nd ed., 1953)Google Scholar. There is biographical information about him in Crawford, Latin-American Thought, pp. 116–142; Sánchez-Reulet, Aníbal, La filosofía latinoamericana contemporánea (Washington, 1949), pp. 195–197 Google Scholar; Estrada, Juan Carlos Torchia, La filosofía en la Argentina, pp. 202–205 Google Scholar.

5 Crawford, Latin-American Thought, p. 116. N., Alfredo Carrillo, La trayectoria del pensamiento filosófico en Latinoamérica (Quito, 1959), p. 115 Google Scholar.

6 Coriolani Alberini, “Prólogo,” p. 11, in Farré, Luis, Cincuenta años de filosofía en Argentina (Buenos Aires, 1958)Google Scholar.

7 Ibid., pp. 55–56. Soler, El positivismo argentino, pp. 13–66.

8 Farré, Cincuenta años, pp. 57–67. Estrada, Torchia, La filosofìa en la Argentina, pp. 171–201 Google Scholar. Larroyo, Francisco, La filosofía americana, su razón y su sinrazón de ser (México, 1958), p. 117 Google Scholar. See also McGann, Thomas, “The Generation of ‘Eighty,’” The Americas, Vol. X (October, 1953), pp. 141–157 CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

9 Farré, Cincuenta años, pp. 56, 69–70. Estrada, Torchia, La filosofía de la Argentina, pp. 173–174, 233–234 Google Scholar.

10 Torchia Estrada, La filosofía en la Argentina, p. 174.

11 Ibid., pp. 205–218. Farré, Cincuenta años, pp. 69–84. Soler, El positivismo argentino, pp. 97–145. Ingenieros’ interest in pathology and simulation, or hypocrisy, appears repeatedly in his psychological, philosophical, and historical work.

12 Sánchez-Reulet, La filosofía latinoamericana contemporánea, pp. 195–197. Ingenieros, José, Hacia una moral sin dogmas (Buenos Aires, 1947)Google Scholar.

13 Coriolani Alberini, “Prólogo,” pp. 11–12, in Farré, Cincuenta años.

14 Ibid., pp. 11–12, 82–84. Torchia Estrada, La filosofía en la Argentina, pp. 233–234. Sátichez-Reulet, La filosofía latinoamericana contemporànea, p. 197.

15 Barager, Joseph R., “The Historiography of the Rio de la Plata Area Since 1830,” Hispanic American Historical Review, Vol. XXXIX, No. 4 (November, 1959), pp. 592–593, 597–602 Google Scholar.

16 Ibid., p. 593. The term erudito appears in Carbia, Rómulo D., Historia crítica de la historiografía argentina (La Plata, 1925; Buenos Aires, 1940)Google Scholar.

17 Barager, “Historiography,” pp. 593, 596–597. Ingenieros’ interpretation of Rosas was similar to López’ view.

18 Ibid., p. 613n. Earl T. Glauert, “Ricardo Rojas and the Emergence of Argentine Cultural Nationalism,” Hispanic American Historical Review, Vol. XLIII, No. 1 (February, 1963), p. 3. In Eurindia, published in 1924, Rojas recognized European influences. Glauert, p. 7, traces this change to Rojas’ desire to encourage cultural reconciliation. It is possible that Ingenieros’ writings may also have had some effect on Rojas.

19 Ingenieros, José, La evolución de las ideas argentinas (2 vols.; Buenos Aires, 1918–1920 Google Scholar; Obras completas revisadas por Aníbal Ponce, 4 vols., 1937; 2 vols., 1951.)

20 Ingenieros, La evolución (1918–1920), I, 13.

21 Ibid., pp. 14, 18, 29.

22 Ibid., pp. 7–8.

23 Ibid., pp. 25–48.

24 Ibid., pp. 57–63, 97.

25 Ibid., pp. 83–85, 263–264.

26 Ibid., pp. 177 ff.; II, 635, 653–654.

27 Ibid., 164.

28 Ibid., 154–158, 171–211.

29 Ibid., 264.

30 Ibid., 359.

31 Ibid., 354–356.

32 Ibid., 373, 388–432, 502–505.

33 Ibid., 519–522.

34 Ibid., II, 27.

35 Ibid., 29–35, 42–44.

36 Ibid., I, 280–286; II, 44, 88.

37 Ibid., II, 94–97.

38 Ibid., 18–19.

39 Ibid., 100, 143–173.

40 Ibid., 199–209, 287–288, 351–355.

41 Ibid., 274–284, 289.

42 Ibid., 248, 411–435, 478–496, 506–509, 557. Ingenieros devoted over seventy-five pages to the story of the rise and decline of Jesuit power during the Restoration.

43 Ibid., II, 605–606, 616, 621, 647, 728–729.

44 ibid., 658–667.

45 Ibid., 742.

46 Ibid., Ill, 7–9.

47 Ingenieros’ history resembles Alberdi’s history of Argentina, notably in the theme of the importance of the customs. Echeverría’s historical writings also appear to have influenced Ingenieros. See his discussion of Echeverría, II, 701–708, especially p. 706.

48 Ibid., I, 147; II, 199–200, 281, 493.