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The History of Cuba and its Interpreters, 1898-1935

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Teresita Yglesia Martínez  and
Néstor Capote
Teresita Yglesia Martínez
Affiliation:
Instituto de Historia de Cuba, Havana, Cuba
Néstor Capote
Affiliation:
Translator
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Extract

The final years of the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth signified a time in which the Cuban people adjusted to a reality for which they were not fully prepared. The world created by centuries of Spanish colonialism crumbled in a spectacular and miserable manner, leaving in its wake a country desolated by war and famine. On January 1, 1899, the Spanish flag was lowered from El Morro in Havana and replaced with the flag of the United States. During this politico-military transition from Spanish rule to U.S. occupation, the defenders of independentismo and Cuba Libre were ignored and humiliated.

Type
Research Issues
Information
The Americas , Volume 49 , Issue 3 , January 1993 , pp. 369 - 385
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1993

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References

1 LeRiverend, Julia, “Sobre la ciencia histórica de Cuba,” Islas (Jan.-Aug. 1969), 181–224,Google Scholar

2 Dumoulin, John, “La concepción historiográfica sobre el período de 1935–1958 en Cuba,” Santiago, 6 (June 1988), 113.Google Scholar

3 de la Ciudad, Oficina del Historiador, Revalorización de la Historia de Cuba por los Congresos Nacionales de Historia (Havana, 1959), p. 7.Google Scholar

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10 This notion of a “new intellectual Pleiade” was formulated by the Cuban-Italian writer Falco, F. in Veinte años después del Grito de Baire (Genoa, 1915).Google Scholar

11 Sánchez, Ramiro Guerra, Azúcar y población en las Antillas (Havana, 1927).Google Scholar

12 A critique of Ramiro Guerra may be found in the prologue of the work by Arredondo, Alberto, Cuba: Tierra indefensa (Havana, 1945).Google Scholar For an early analysis of Guerra’s thoughts see his “La historia y los factores históricos,” Cuba Contemporánea (August 1921).

13 Sánchez, Ramiro Guerra, Historia de Cuba, desde su descubrimiento hasta 1868 (Havana, 1971),Google Scholar prologue.

14 Ramiro Guerra wrote numerous works for the Asociación Nacional de Hacendados. Guerra wanted to organize all small and medium land owners into an alliance.

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16 The impact of Guerra’s thesis can be seen in Arredondo, Alberto, Cuba: Tierra indefensa and de la Riva, Francisco Pérez, El café, historia de su cultivo y explotación en Cuba (Havana, 1944).Google Scholar According to Pérez de la Riva, tobacco, sugar cane, and coffee were the three products on which the Cuban civilization was based. His work deals with the influence of coffee in the political, social, and literary life of the country as well as how it has affected the economic situation there.

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18 Portell Vilá, Herminio, Cuba y la Conferencia de Montevideo (Havana, 1934).Google Scholar The criticism by Flagg Bemis, Samuel can be found in La diplomacia de Estados Unidos en América Latina (México, 1944), p. 442.Google Scholar

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20 Ibid.

21 All citations are from Irisarri, José Miguel, La moneda cubana y los problemas económicos (Havana, 1930).Google Scholar Irisarri’s influence on the economic and political thought of his time is yet to be examined. His activity as university professor and public figure influenced leftist groups of Marxist tendencies, especially at the university. Nonetheless, he kept a certain amount of independence from the Communist Party. He had a close relationship with Antonio Guiteras and was a member of the Central Committee of “Joven Cuba.” He was the principal writer for this organization.

22 The role of Irisarri in the organization Joven Cuba is discussed in Tabares del Real, José A., Guiteras (Havana, 1990),Google Scholar and Cabrera, Olga, En tiempos de Antonio Guiteras (Havana, 1974).Google Scholar

23 Alienes Urosa, Julián, Características fundamentales de la economía cubana (Havana, 1950), p. 23.Google Scholar