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Anti-Democratic Thought in Early Republican Peru: Bartolomé Herrera and the Liberal-Conservative Ideological Struggle
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 December 2015
Extract
During its first half-century of independence, Peru fought in five international conflicts, had thirty-one different governments, and operated under thirteen various constitutions or provisional charters. The international wars, uncertain terms of office, and a frequency of change in constitutions were all symptoms of an unsettled political environment. Additional symptoms included forceful overthrows of government, political exile, conspiracies, and foreign intervention. By mid-century, Peruvian writers complained of political corruption, graft, lack of public spirit, disrespect for the law, militarism, elitism, mobocracy, a mania for public office (empleomanía), and in general of the social and political disintegration.
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- Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1981
References
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13 Ibid., I. 21.
14 Ibid., I. 30.
15 Ibid., I, 32.
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18 Ibid., I, 81.
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20 Ibid.
21 Ibid., I, 83.
22 Ibid, I, 84.
23 “Polémica entre el Dr. Benito Laso, Vocal de la Crote Suprema, y el Dr. Herrera, en torno al Sermón de este,” in Escritos y discursos, I, 104.
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25 “Remitidos de El Comercio de Lima contra Herrera,” in Escritos y discursos, I. 119. Jorge Guillermo Leguía suggests that Laso may have written the articles which appeared in El Correo Peruano. See Estudios históricos, p. 22.
26 Ibid, I. 129.
27 Ibid., I, 125.
28 Ibid., I, 127–129.
29 Ibid, I, 131.
30 Ibid. José Arnaldo Marqués, a nineteenth-century Peruvian statesman, poet, translator, and inventor, was a student at the Colegio de San Carlos during Herrera’s tenure as rector. In “El Dr. Bartolomé Herrera, Extracto de las memorias inéditas de uno de sus discípulos,” in Escritos y discursos, Marquez recalled a rather perverse diversion of the school’s rector:
Dr. Herrera amused himself with the intellectual and physical wretchedness of other men. He found relaxation from his literary labors at the Colegio de San Carlos by gathering about his writing table a half-dozen unfortunates, more worthy of compassion because of their ignorance, incompetence, and physical deformities than to be used to provide third-rate entertainment. These individuals belonged to the poorest class of our society… [Herrera] took delight in surrounding himself with these wretches and discussing the most intricate metaphysical problems and the most mysterious phenomena of nature, finding pleasure in hearing the nonsense and absurdities of these feebles minds full of darkness. Such scenes stirred within measense of painful indignation; but this was the favorite pastime of Herrera and continued to be so for about two years. (II, lxiii)
31 “Artículo editorial de El Comercio de Lima sobre los examenes, de San Carlos en que se discutieron las doctrinas de Herrera,” in Escritos y discursos, I, 140–143.
32 “Artículos de El Republicano de Arequipa acerca del mismo asunto,” and “Artículos del Diario de Trujillo resumiendo la discusión realizada en San Carlos de Lima,” in Escritos y discursos, 1, 143–150.
33 “Polémica entre El Correo Peruano y el Colegio de San Carlos, alrededor de la soberanía de la inteligencia in Escritos y discursos, I, 150–224.
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35 “Sermón pronunciado… el 28 de julio de 1846,” in Escritos y discursos, I, 72.
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