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The United States and Ecuador, 1909–1913

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Walter V. Scholes  and
Marie V. Scholes
Walter V. Scholes
Affiliation:
University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
Marie V. Scholes
Affiliation:
University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
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Extract

While the negotiations between the United States and Ecuador in the period 1909 to 1913 came to no fruitful conclusion, they still remain a subject of interest because in microcosm they illustrate so well how the Department of State operated in the Taft administration. The negotiations embraced all the standard considerations: strategy, vested American interests, projected loans, power politics, and “ up-lift.” The Department's interest in Ecuador quickened in this period because Ecuador owned the Galápagos Islands, an archipelago which lay six hundred miles off the coast of Ecuador and about one thousand miles southwest of the Isthmus of Panama, where the canal was under construction.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 19 , Issue 3 , January 1963 , pp. 276 - 290
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1963

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References

1 Department of State, National Archives, 1305/34; March 9, 1909. Hereafter, only the numerical citation will be given.

2 468/109; April 6, 1910.

3 468/115; June 4, 1910; Parks, L.F. and Neurmberger, G.A., “The Sanitation of Guayaquil,” Hispanic American Historical Review, 23 (May, 1943), 197–221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

4 Foreign Relations of the United States, 1910, 440–450; Taft Papers, Library of Congress, Presidential Series, No. 2.

5 822.014G/78A.

6 822.014G/79; August 25, 1910.

7 Ibid.

8 822.014G/82; October 1, 1910.

9 422.11G93/199–215.

10 422.11G93/218.

11 822.51/17; October 19, 1910.

12 Ibid.

13 822.51/18.

14 822.51/18A, 20, 22.

15 822.51/37; Memorandum dated October 20, 1910.

16 822.014G/90; November 11, 1910.

17 822.014G/91.

18 822.014G/94.

19 Ibid.

20 822.51/37.

21 Ibid. Cable received December 2; reply sent December 3.

22 8 22.014G/102.

23 Ibid. December 9.

24 822.014G/103; Fox to Knox, December 10.

25 822.51/42. Cable signed by both Fox and Harman.

26 822.014G/103.

27 822.51/46.

28 Undoubtedly the French had been influenced by the American statement on Morocco which declared that the proposed firman concerning the control and operation of mines in Morocco tended toward monopoly and was therefore objectionable, since it operated to preclude American and to foster French and certain other interests. Nevertheless, because the United States appreciated the special interests of France in that region, it contemplated formal acceptance of the firman. The United States felt that the French in turn should consider its special interests in Ecuador. 422.11G93/244A-246; 822.51/46A, 49, 51, 53.

29 822.014G/113; December 16.

30 822.51/47; December 17.

31 822.51/48A.

32 822.51/54; Fox to Knox, December 21, 1910.

33 822.014G/149. Despatch dated January 24, 1911; received by Department February 23.

34 822.014G/129, 131.

35 822.51/60.

36 822.51/79; February 9, 1911.

37 822.51/78, 90.

38 822.51/92.

39 422.11G93/282A.

40 422.11G93/286; April 12.

41 822.014G/177

42 Ibid.

43 822.51/109.

44 822.51/112.

45 822.51/111.

46 822.51/116.

47 822.51/118; June 20, 1911.

48 In another memorandum given Sands in strict confidence the Department described the conditions under which it was willing to make an exemption to Point 5. This memorandum, apparently based on an earlier one outlining American policy on this point, declared that Ecuador was not to alienate the islands to any non-American power. If Ecuador alienated the Galápagos or any part of them to any American power or its citizens, it would do so only after the recipient had guaranteed to Ecuador and to the United States never to fortify or alienate the islands or any part of them or any rights in them to any non-American country. 822.51/113.

49 422.11G93/326A. Memorandum undated, but internal evidence indicates the date to be July 7, 1911.

50 822.51.