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Frei Cristóvão de Lisboa, O.F.M., Missionary and Natural Historian of Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Luiza da Fonseca
Luiza da Fonseca*
Affiliation:
Arquivo Histórico Colonial, Lisbon, Portugal
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Extract

The Bravery and Daring of the Portuguese is evident in the history of the discovery, exploration and colonization of Brazil. Many of them sold everything they possessed and then set off across the ocean with their “household and family,” facing storms and the assaults of pirates, and were often shipwrecked or eaten by the cannibalistic Indians on the shores where they expected to be safe.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Americas , Volume 8 , Issue 3 , January 1952 , pp. 289 - 303
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1952

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References

1 Arquivo Histórico Colonial (Lisbon, Portugal), Maranhão, letter of September 24, 1616. This Archive will hereafter be referred to as AHC.

2 AHC, Pará, 1623.

3 AHC, Maranhão, n. d. [16181.

4 AHC, Pará, August 16, 1623.

5 AHC, Maranhão, letter of February 28, 1624.

6 AHC, Maranhão, Informação of Francisco Coelho de Carvalho, São Luis do Maranhão, May 20, 1647.

7 AHC, Maranhão, Consulta of the Overseas Council, March 2, 1648.

8 AHC, Maranhão, Consulta of the Overseas Council, June 5, 1691.

9 AHC, Maranhão, Consulta of the Overseas Council, October 13, 1646.

10 AHC, Maranhão, 1684.

11 AHC, Maranhão, October 17, 1673.

12 AHC, Maranhão, 1672.

13 AHC, Maranhão, October 17, 1673.

14 AHC, Pernambuco, Parecer in the letter of Governor Marquês de Montebelo, Olinda, July 20, 1690.

15 AHC, Maranhão, 1624.

16 AHC, Maranhão, n. d. [1624]. This document is accompanied by another undated petition, very similar in content, which must have been written at about the same time. Both petitions are reproduced in the original Portuguese in the Documents section of this issue, pp. 357–359.

17 AHC, Maranhão, royal letter of March 7, 1624.

18 AHC, Códice 35-A, fol. 6, January 17, 1624.

19 In a note to the História Portuguesa of Manoel Severim de Faria, the Baron Studart states that Frei Cristóvão left Portugal on March 25, along with ten Franciscans from the Province of Santo Antonio.

20 Biblioteca Nacional (Lisbon, Portugal), Fundo Geral, Ms. no. 7643. Hereafter referred to as BNL.

21 Santoral de vários sermões de Santos; oferecido a Manoel de Faria Severim, Chantre da Santa Sê de Evora (Lisbon, António Alvares, 1638). Pp. vi, 273.Google Scholar

22 BNL, Reservados, Caixa 29, nos. 28, 29 and 30, dated January 2 and 20, 1627 and October 21, 1626. Published by Studart.

23 He may be referring to such serious and painful troubles as he had with Fr. Luis Figueira, S.J.

24 BNL, Fundo Geral, Ms. no. 7643.

25 AHC, Códice 43, fol. 110, Consulta of the Conselho da Fazenda, August 8, 1637. See also Kiemen, Mathias C. O.F.M., “The Indian Policy of Portugal in America, with Special Reference to the Old State of Maranhão, 1500–1755,” THE AMERICAS, V (1948), 157.Google Scholar

26 Sermão da tereceira dominga do Advento, quando se jurou El-rei D. Joãa IV por rei (Lisbon, António Alvares, 1641)Google Scholar.

27 AHC, Maranhão, n. d. [1642?].

28 Fonseca, Luiza, “In Defense of the Maranhão Indians of Brazil,” THE AMERICAS, VII (October, 1950), 216–217.Google Scholar

29 BNL, Fundo Geral, Ms. no. 7643.

30 His parents were Gaspar Gil. de Severim, Executor-Mór do Reino, and Juliana de Faria.

31 BNL, letters of Frei Cristóvão de Lisboa.

32 Sold by Livraria Coelho for 3,500 escudos. The Director of the Archive at that time was Dr. Manuel Múrias.