Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T17:44:59.090Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Role of the Byzantine Church in Medieval Hungary

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2017

Gyula Moravcsik
Gyula Moravcsik*
Affiliation:
Budapest University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

According to the evidence found in historical records, the first influences of the Byzantine Christian mission had reached the Magyars prior to the conquest of present Hungary while they were still on the shores of the Black Sea. As I have proved in detail in an earlier treatise, we must surmise that, when they took possession of their present land, the Magyar people had brought with them a knowledge of Christianity.

However, the Byzantine mission was not the sole factor in preparing the Magyars for their acceptance of the new faith. This acceptance was influenced also by the earlier Christian traditions of the new land which ultimately became their country. From Roman times (ancient Christian relics of which are being excavated in increasing numbers) to the appearance of the Magyars, Christianity had existed without interruption in Hungarian territory.

Type
Articles
Information
American Slavic and East European Review , Volume 6 , Issue 3-4 , December 1947 , pp. 134 - 151
Copyright
Copyright © Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies 1947

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 “Byzantine Christianity and the Magyars in the Migration Period,” American Slavic and East European Review, V, Nos. 14–15 (1946), 29–45.

2 See Nagy, L., “Pannonia Sacra,” Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen (Budapest, 1938), I, 29–148 (in Hungarian)Google Scholar.

3 See László, G., “Die Reiternomaden der Völkerwandcrungszit und das Christentum in Ungarn,” Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte, LIX (1940), 125–146 Google Scholar.

4 See Dvornik, F., Les Slaves, Byzances et Rome au IXe sièle (Paris, 1926), pp. 147–183 Google Scholar; Les Légendes de Constantin et de Méthods vues de Byzance (Prague, 1933), pp. 212–283; P. Váczy, Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen (Budapest, 1938), I, 213–265 (in Hungarian).

5 The results of my investigations were published in Hungarian some years ago in the Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen, I, 387–422.

6 See Moravcsik, G., Byzavtinoturcica (Budapest, 1942), I, 58–59 Google Scholar; Dolger, F., Archivum Europae Centro-Orientalis, VI (1942), 325 Google Scholar.

7 See Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum (Budapest, 1937–38), I, 87, 171, 310; II, 65–66, 144, 254.

8 Cedrenus, ed. Bonn, p. 328. For the critical edition of the text see Moravcsik, G., Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen, I, 392 Google Scholar.

9 Zonaras, ed. Bonn, III, 484.

10 See Sjuzjumov, M., Vizantijskoe Obozrenie (1916), II, 106–166 Google Scholar; Moravcsik, Bywntinoturcica, I, 190, 192.

11 De administmndo imperio, ed. Bonn, p. 175.

12 See Dolger, F., Historisches Jahrbuch (1940), p. 400 Google Scholar.

13 Les Regestes des actes du patriarcat de Constantinople (Grumen, 1936), I, Fasc. II, Part V, 222. Vogt, A., Echos d'Orient, XXXVI (1933), 278 Google Scholar.

14 Scriptores returm Hungaricarum, I, 109, 169, 308.

15 Moravcsik , Byznntinoturcica, I, 212.

16 See Moravcsik, Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen, I, 397.

17 Ed. Laurent, V., Bulletin de la Société historique bulgare, XVI-XVIII (1940), 287-28Google Scholar.

18 See V. Laurent, “L'Évêque des Turcs et le proèdre de Turquie,” Académic Roumaine, bulletin de la section historique, XXIII (1942), 2.

19 Ed. Popov, A., lstoriko-literaturnij obzor drevne-russkich polemičeskich sočinenij protiv Latinjan (Moscow, 1875), pp. 176–188 Google Scholar. See Pavlov, A., Kritičeskije opyty po istorii drevnejšej greko-russkoj polemiki protiv Latinjan (St. Petersburg, 1878), pp. 78–80 Google Scholar. Vasiljevskij, V. G., Trudy (St. Petersburg, 1909), II, 95–96 Google Scholar.

20 Polnoje sobranije russkich Ijetopisej (St. Petersburg, 1862), IX, 70.

21 See Hergenröther, J., Photius, Patriarch von Constantinopel. Sein Leben, seine Schrifte und das griechische Schisma (Regensburg, 1869) III, 862–869 Google Scholar.

22 Popov, op. cit., pp. 187–188.

23 Scriptores rerum Huvgaricarum, II, 490–493.

24 See Gošev, I., Studi Bizantini e Neoellenici (1940), VI, 139–146 Google Scholar; Moravcsik, Byzantinoturcica, I, 163–165.

25 See Mavrodinov, N., “Le Trésor protobulgare de Nagyszentmiklós,” Archaeologia Hungarica, XXIX (1943), 207–208 Google Scholar.

26 Gyóni, M., Magyar Nyelv (1946), XLII, 43–49 Google Scholar.

27 Monumenta Germanise Historica, IV, 607.

28 Gombos, A. F., Catalogus fontium historiae Hungaricae (1937–1938), Vol. II, No. 2354 Google Scholar.

29 Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum, II, 386, 419.

30 Gombos, op. cit., Vol. II, No. 3673.

31 Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum, I, 317.

32 Ibid., I, 192, 303; II, 63, 279.

33 Ibid., II, 626.

34 Critical ed. by Czebe, G., The Greek Text of the Diploma of Veszprémvölgy (Budapest, 1916)Google Scholar; in Hungarian.

35 Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum, II, 456.

36 Ibid., II, 503.

37 Unpublished research of J. Csemegi.

38 Theiner, A., Vetera monumen historica Hungariam sacram illustrantia (Rome, 1859), I, 29 Google Scholar.

39 See St. Kniezsa, Archivum Europae Centro-Orientalis, VIII (1942), 159–161.

40 See Bárány-Oberschall, M., “ The Crown of the Emperor Constantine Monomachos,” Archaeologia Hungarica, XXIV (1937), 89–90 Google Scholar; Moravcsik, Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen, I, 94–95.

41 See Moravcsik, Jubilee Volume in Memory of King St. Stephen, I, 419.

42 Theiner, op. cit., I, 9–11, 667–668.

43 Kinnamos, ed. Bonn, p. 221. I. Rácz, Byzantina poùêmata peri tôn ouggrikôn ekstrateiôn tou autokratoros Manouêl [Ouggrocllênikai Meletai] (Budapest, 1941), pp. 19–20, 45.

44 Kinnamos, ed. Bonn, p. 222.

45 Ed. R. I. Szigeti, Translatio Latina Ioannis Damasccni (De orthodoxa fide i.III.c. 1–8.) saeculo XII in Hungaria conjecta [Ouggroellênikai Meletai 13] (Budapest, 1940). A. B. Terebessy, Translatio Latina Sancti Maximi Confessoris (De caritate ad Elpidium i. I-IV) saeculo XII. in Hungaria conjecta [Ouggroellênikai Meletai 25] (Budapest, 1944).

46 See Szigeti, op. cit., pp. 22–35.

47 Sec Ivánka, E. v., “Griechischc Einflüsse im westlichen Geistesleben des XII. Jahrhunderts,” Archivum Philologicmn, LXIV (1940), 211–217 Google Scholar.

48 See G. Sántha, Le Leggende bizantine dei santi combattenti [Ouggroellênikai Meletai 22] (Budapest, 1943).

49 See Moravcsik, G., “The Holy Crown of Hungary,” Hungarian Quarterly, IV (1938), 656–667 Google Scholar.

50 Kinnamos, ed. Bonn, p. 227.

51 See Váczy, P., “Les Racines byzantines du christianisme hongrois,” Nouvelle Revue de Hongrie, XXXIV (1941), 99–108 Google Scholar.

52 See Moravcsik, G., American Slavic and East European Review, V, Nos. 14–15 (1946), 41–42 Google Scholar.

53 See Moravcsik, G., “Pour une Alliance byzantino-hongroise (seconde moitié du XIIe siécle),” Byzantion, VIII (1933), 555–568 Google Scholar.

54 See Kumorowitz, L. B., “Das Doppelkreuz des ungarischen Wappens,” Turul, LV (1941), 45–62 Google Scholar.

55 See Moravcsik, “The Holy Crown of Hungary,” Hungarian Quarterly, IV (1938), 666–667.

56 Sec Bödey, J., “Die ungarischen Beziehungen der Legende des hlg. Ivan von Rila,” Archivum Philologkum, LXIV (1940), 217–221 Google Scholar.

57 See Laurent, V., “Une Lettre dogmatique de l'empereur Isaac l'Ange au primat de Hongrie,” Echos d'Orient, XXXIX (1940), 59–77 Google Scholar.

58 See Ivánka, E. v., “Griechische Kirche und griechisches Mönchtum im mittelalterlichen Ungarn,” Orientalia Christiana Periodica, VIII, Nos. 1–2 (1942), 190–194 Google Scholar.

59 Significavit nobis 26. April, 1204.… , see ibid., p. 191.

60 Venientes ad apostolicam 14. September, 1204 … , see ibid., p. 190.

61 Theiner, op. cit,, I, 9–11.

62 Ibid., I, 667–668.

63 In Cumanorum episcopatu 14. November, 1234 … , see Ivánka, “Gricchische Kirche und griechisches Mönchtum im mittelalterlichen Ungarn,” pp. 191–192.

64 Miklosich-Müller, Ada et diplomata, II, 156–157.

65 Papp, G., The Origin of the Episcopate of Munkács (Miskolc, 1940)Google Scholar; in Hungarian.

66 Fontes Rerum Austriacarum, Diplomataria et Ada, LXVII (1912), 138.