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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 August 2018
Sharp conflict between Church and State has characterized the post-war years in Poland. Unlike the Orthodox Church in the USSR, the Roman Catholic Church in Poland has received no favors from the State, such as those acknowledged by Sergius, the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. There has been no recognition by the State that the Church can be tolerated in Poland as it has come to be tolerated in the USSR. The attitude of the State toward the Polish Church has been quite different. It has been one of violent hostility.
The reason for this attitude of hostility can be found primarily in the fact that the Marxist State and the Roman Catholic Church represent two opposing ideologies and that neither of them is likely to give way when matters of principle are involved.
1 Three bishops and 1263 priests died in concentration camps in addition to 584 priests shot by the Germans.
2 In January 1946 sentenced to imprisonment for “collaboration with Nazis.”.
3 Wawryn, S., Sprawy koscioła, przegląd powszechny, No. 6 (Cracow, June 1948).Google Scholar
4 Ibid.
5 Cf. The Tablet, London, November 16, 1946.
6 Quoted by Beamish, T., Must Night Fall? (London, 1950), p. 23 Google Scholar.
7 Ibid., p. 242.
8 Journal of Laws, No. 45, sec. 334 (Warsaw).
9 Ibid., No. 9, sec. 87.
10 Świątkowski, op. cit., p. 31.
11 Ibid., p. 32.
12 Ibid., p. 30.
13 Górccki, J., Rzym a Polska walcząca (Warsaw, 1949), pp. 77 and 80 Google Scholar.
14 Ibid., p. 84.
15 Sikora, J., Reakcyjny kler—jedna a sii faszyzacji Polski przedwrzesnioz ej, nowe drogi, No. 12 (Warsaw, 1952), p. 107 et seqGoogle Scholar.
16 Ibid., p. 108.
17 Ibid., p. 108.
18 Ibid., p. 109.
19 Ibid., p. 109.
20 Tygodnik powszechny, No. 4 (Cracow, April 1950).
21 Most important periodicals: Kuźnica kapeanska, Ksiadz-obywatel; Dziś i jutro; Z;ycie i myśl; and daily papers. Słowo powszechne and Try buna ludu.
22 Articles 3 and 5 of the decree of February 9, 1953, Journal of Laws, No. 10, sec. 32.
23 Created under the 1947 Constitution, discarded by the 1952 Constitution.
24 The Government prevented the Episcopate from installing titular bishops in regained territories.
25 The Economist, London, October 31, 1953.
26 Written by an anonymous author.
27 “The Clerical Forge,” a fortnightly paper of the “patriotic priests.”