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The Growth of Democratic Legitimacy in Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2014

Peter McDonough ,
Samuel H. Barnes  and
Antonio López Pina
Peter McDonough
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Samuel H. Barnes
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
Antonio López Pina
Affiliation:
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract

The political transition in Spain provides a rare opportunity to monitor popular attitudes toward alternative regimes. Through the analysis of national surveys conducted in 1978, 1979–80, and 1984, we first establish that the Spanish public distinguishes not only between successive governments—the Franquist and the center-right and socialist governments of the post-Franco period—but also between Francoism and democracy as political systems. Second, we show that during the post-Franco era the criteria of legitimacy have begun to shift from formal political to social democratic values. These analytical results are achieved by comparing standard with less orthodox measures of political legitimacy and performance, and by revising conventional theories of system support. Third, we estimate the determinants of support for and opposition to the two regimes. The Franquist system remains more polarizing than does the democratic system; the constituencies of the democratic regime are considerably broader and more heterogeneous. However, while the new democratic state is comparatively inclusive and autonomous, low rates of political participation and changes in traditional socialist ideology have made the institutional bases of legitimacy ambiguous.

Type
Articles
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 80 , Issue 3 , September 1986 , pp. 735 - 760
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1986

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