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Evolutionary Biology and Political Theory

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2014

Roger D. Masters
Roger D. Masters*
Affiliation:
Dartmouth College
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Abstract

The traditional emphasis on human nature as the foundation of politics needs to be reexamined from the perspective of contemporary biology. Because biological processes operate independently on the individual, the social group, and the species, an evolutionary approach to both observational research and cost-benefit analysis does not entail reductionism. Selfishness and altruism, participation in social groups, languages and cultures, and the rise and fall of centralized states can all be illuminated by empirical evidence and theories in the life sciences. For political philosophy, a new “naturalism” points to a return to the Aristotelian view that values or standards of judgment have rationally intelligible foundations, thereby challenging the relativist or nihilistic orientation that has characterized most contemporary thought.

Type
Articles
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 84 , Issue 1 , March 1990 , pp. 195 - 210
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1990

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