1 See Shwab v. Ravindra, No. 2018-CA-001188-MR, 2019 Ky. App. Unpub. LEXIS 707 (Ct. App. Oct. 4, 2019).

2 Id. at 1.

3 Id. at 2.

4 Id. at 2.

5 Id. at 2.

6 Id. at 2.

7 Id. at 2.

8 Id. at 2.

9 Total body irradiation (TBI), Cancer Research UK (Jul. 25, 2018), https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/bone-marrow-stem-cell-transplants/total-body-irradiation-tbi

10 See Shwab supra note 1, at 2-3.

11 Id. at 3.

12 Id. at 3.

13 Id. at 3.

14 Id. at 3.

15 Id. at 3.

16 Id. at 3.

17 Id. at 4.

18 Id. at 4.

19 Id. at 4.

20 Id. at 4.

21 Id. at 4.

22 Id. at 4.

23 Id. at 4-5.

24 Id. at 5.

25 Id. at 5.

26 Id. at 5.

27 Id. at 5.

28 Id. at 5.

29 Id. at 5.

30 Id. at 6.

31 Id. at 6.

32 Id. quoting Scifres v. Kraft, 916 S.W.2d 779, 781, 43 1 Ky. L. Summary 17 (Ky. App. 1996).

33 Id.

34 Id.

35 Id. at 7-13.

36 Id. at 9.

37 Id. at 8.

38 Ky. Rev. Stat. § 304.40-320, summarized. The Kentucky Revised Statute contains a third subsection requiring that in an emergency situation where consent cannot be reasonably obtained, there is no requirement that a healthcare provider obtain such consent. The third requirement is not involved in the present case, so the Court did not focus on it.

39 Id. supra note 1, at 9.

40 Id., quoting Sargent v. Shaffer, 467 S.W.3d 198, 206 (Ky. 2015).

41 Id. at 9-10.

42 Id. at 10.

43 Id. quoting Kovacs v. Freeman, 957 S.W.2d 251, 255, 44 14 Ky. L. Summary 31 (Ky. 1997).

44 Id. quoting Kovacs, supra note 39, at 254.

45 Id. at 10.

46 Id. at 12.

47 Id. at 13.

48 See Salgo v. Leland Stanford Jr. University Board of Trustees, 154 Cal. App. 2d 560, 317 P.2d 170 (1957).

49 See Roger Brownsword, Informed Consent: To Whom It May Concern, 15 JRE 267, 267 (2007) (“…it is axiomatic that, in clinical and research settings, wherever possible, dealings between medical professionals and patients or between researchers and participants should be strictly on the basis of informed consent.”).

50 An essential condition.

51 See George H. Jr. Martin, Informed Consent and Medical Experimentation, 3 Iustitia 29, 29 (1975).

52 See Brownsword supra note 49.

53 David, B. Resnik, Rethinking Informed Consent in Bioethics, 3 Stud. Ethics L. & Tech. 1, 1 (2009)Google Scholar.

54 See id. supra note 41.

55 See Frank, W. S. M. Verheggen and Frans, C. B. Van Wijmen, Myth and Reality of Informed Consent in Clinical Trials, 16 Med. & L. 53, 61 (1997)Google Scholar.

56 See id. at 65.

57 KRS § 304.40-320 stipulates that the duty to inform falls upon health care providers.

58 See KRS § 304.40-320(1).

59 See KRS § 304.40-320(2).