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United States—Measures Affecting the Production and Sale of Clove Cigarettes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Tania Voon
Tania Voon*
Affiliation:
Melbourne Law School
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Type
International Decisions
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 106 , Issue 4 , October 2012 , pp. 824 - 830
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2012

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References

1 Appellate Body Report, United States—Measures Affecting the Production and Sale of Clove Cigarettes, WT/DS406/AB/R (Apr. 4, 2012) (adopted Apr 24, 2012) [hereinafter U.S.—Clove Cigarettes]. Wto dispute set dement reports and other Wto documents cited herein are available online at http://www.wto.org.

2 21 U.S.C. §387g(a)(1)(A) (2011) (as amended by Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, Pub. L. No. 111-31, §101(b) (3), 123 Stat. 1776, 1799 (2009)).

3 Agreement on Technical Barriers to Ttade, Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, Apr. 15, 1994, 1867 UNTS 154 [hereinafter Marrakesh Agreement], Annex 1A, 1868 UNTS 120 [hereinafter TBT Agreement], reprinted in Wto, the Legal Texts: the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations 3, 121 (1999) [hereinafter Legal Texts].

4 Panel Report, United States—Measures Affecting the Production and Sale of Clove Cigarettes, paras. 7.428, 7.432, WT/DS406/R (Sept. 2, 2011) (adopted Apt. 24, 2012) [hereinafter Panel Report].

5 Paragraph 1 of Annex 1 of the TBT Agreement, supra note 3, defines a technical regulation as including a “[d]ocument which lays down product characteristics . . . with which compliance is mandatory.”

6 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994, Art. 111:4, Marrakesh Agreement, supra note 3, Annex 1A, 1867 UNTS 187, reprinted in Legal Texts, supra note 3, at 19.

7 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Art. 31(1), May 23, 1969, 1155 UNTS 331.

8 Panel Report, paras. 7.113, 7.119.

9 Id., para. 7.199.

10 Id., para. 7.206.

11 Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes, Art. 11, Marrakesh Agreement, supra note 3, Annex 2, 1869 UNTS 401, reprinted in Legal Texts, supra note 3, at 354.

12 World Trade Organization, Ministerial Decision, Implementation-Related Issues and Concerns, WT/MIN(01)/17 (Nov. 20, 2001).

13 Marrakesh Agreement, supra note 3, Art. IX:2.

14 Panel Report, paras. 7.575, 7.576.

15 See Action by the Dispute Settlement Body, WT/DS406/9 (May 1, 2012).

16 Panel Report, para. 7.57.

17 Tobacco Products Scientific Advisory Committee, U.S. Food & Drug Admin., Menthol Cigarettes and Public Health: Review of the Scientific Evidence and Recommendations 225 (2011), at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/TobaccoProductsScientificAdvisoryCommittee/UCM269697.pdf.

18 Request for Consultations by Honduras, Australia—Certain Measures Concerning Trademarks and Other Plain Packaging Requirements Applicable to Tobacco Products and Packaging, WT/DS435/1 (Apr. 10, 2012); Request for Consultations by the Dominican Republic, Australia—Certain Measures Concerning Trademarks, Geographical Indications and Other Plain Packaging Requirements Applicable to Tobacco Products and Packaging, WT/DS441 (July 18, 2012); Request for the Establishment of a Panel by Ukraine, Australia—Certain Measures Concerning Trademarks and Other Plain Packaging Requirements Applicable to Tobacco Products and Packaging, Wt/Ds434/11 (Aug. 17, 2012).

19 Tobacco Plain Packaging Act 2011 (Cth).

20 See JT int’l SA v Commonwealth [2012] HCA 30 (ruling that Australia’s plain-packaging legislation is not contrary to s 51 (xxxi) of the Constitution).

21 Philip Morris Asia Ltd and Commonwealth of Australia (Notice of Arbitration Nov. 21, 2011), at http://www.ag.gov.au/Internationallaw/Documents/Philip+Morris+Asia+Notice+of+Arbitration.pdf; Agreement for the Promotion and Protection of Investments, H.K.-Austl., Sept. 15, 1993, 1748 UNTS 385.

22 Philip Morris Brand Sari (Switz.) v. Oriental Republic of Uruguay, ICSID No. Arb/10/7 (registered Mar. 26, 2010); Accord concernant la promotion et la protection réciproques des investissements, Switz.-Uru., Oct. 7, 1988, RO 1810 (1992), available at http://www.admin.en/ch/f/rs/i9/0.975.277.6.fr.pdf.

23 Who Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, May 21, 2003, 2302 UNTS 166.

24 Partial Guidelines for Implementation of Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention, in Conference of the Parties to the Who Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, Report of Committee A (Draft), Agenda item 5.2, Fctc/Cop/4/28 (Nov. 20, 2010); Panel Report, para. 2.30 & n.64.

25 Panel Report, paras. 7.229-7.231, 7.414.

26 Id., para. 7.414.

27 Tobacco Puin Packaging Act 2011, supra note 19, s 3(l)(b).

28 WTO General Council, Implementation of Paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the Trips Agreement and Public Health: Decision of 30 August 2003, WT/L/540 (Sept. 2, 2003).

29 Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Marrakesh Agreement, supra note 3, Annex 1C, 1869 UNTS 299, reprinted n Legal Texts, supra note 3, at 321.

30 See, e.g., Mitchell, Andrew D. & Voon, Tania, Patents and Public Health in the Wto, Ftas and Beyond: Tension and Conflict in International Law, 43 J. World Trade 571, 580-81 (2009)Google Scholar; Abbott, Ftedetick M., The Wto Medicines Decision: World Pharmaceutical Trade and the Protection of Public Health, 99 AJIL 317 (2005)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

31 See Appellate Body Report, United States—Certain Country of Origin Labelling (Cool) Requirements, WT/DS384/AB/R, Wt/DS386/AB/R (June 29, 2012) (adopted July 23, 2012); Appellate Body Report, United States—Measures Concerning the Importation, Marketing and Sale of Tuna and Tuna Products, WT/DS381/AB/R (May 16, 2012) (adopted) June 13, 2012).