1 Agreement on the Conservation and Management of the Alaska-Chukotka Polar Bear Population, Oct. 16, 2000, U.S.-Russ.,S. Treaty Doc. No. 107-10, at 5 (2002) [hereinafter Alaska-Chukotka Polar Bear Agreement].

2 Agreement on the Conservation of Polar Bears, Nov. 15,1973, 27 UST 3918,13 ILM 13 (1974). Russia and the United States, as well as Canada, Denmark, and Norway, are parties to the 1973 agreement.

3 Alaska-Chukotka Polar Bear Agreement, supra note 1, Art. 6.

4 [Editor’s Note: Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, Pub. L. No. 95-522, 86 Stat. 1027 (codified as amended in scattered sections of 16 U.S.C.).]

5 [Editor’s Note: Article 1 of the agreement defines “sustainable harvest level” to mean “a harvest level which does not exceed net annual recruitment to the population and maintains the population at or near its current level, taking into account all forms of removal, and considers the status and trend of the population, based on reliable scientific information.”]

6 [Editor’s Note: See Alaska-Chukotka Polar Bear Agreement, supra note 1, Art. 8. Under Article 9 of the agreement, each party has the right to one-half of the annual taking limit of polar bears determined by the commission.]

7 S. Treaty Doc. No. 107-10, at V (2002).

8 Alaska-Chukotka Polar Bear Agreement, supra note 1, Art. 13. On implementation issues under U.S. law, see Marine Mammal Protection Act: Oversight Hearing Before the House Subcomm. on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife & Oceans of the Comm. on Research, 107th Cong 22 (2001) (prepared statement of Marshall Jones, Acting Director, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Serv., U.S. Dep’t of the Interior).