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Repealing the Cold War

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

Detlev F. Vagts
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Type
Editorial Comments
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American Journal of International Law , Volume 88 , Issue 3 , July 1994 , pp. 506 - 511
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1994

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References

1 Harold D. Lasswell, The Security State, 46 Am. J. Soc. 455 (1941), reprinted in Harold Lasswell on Political Sociology 165 (Dwayne Marvick ed., 1977).

2 Pub. L. No. 103–199, 1994 U.S.C.C.A.N. (107 Stat.) 2317.

3 Thus, §602 of the Friendship Act amends the Fur Sea] Act of 1966 to substitute “Russia” for “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics,” 107 Stat, at 2327. Section 603 amends the Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 to substitute “independent states of the former Soviet Union” for “Soviet Union,” 107 Stat, at 2327. Section 705(1) amends a statute on military assistance (22 U.S.C. §2301 (1988)) that since 1961 had recited that world peace and U.S. security “are endangered so long as international communism and the countries it controls continue by threat of military action, by the use of economic pressure, and by internal subversion or other means to attempt to bring under their domination peoples now free and independent,” by redesignating our enemies as simply “hostile countries.”

4 Id. §905, 107 Stat, at 2331.

5 Id. §103(a)–(b), 107 Stat, at 2319.

6 Id. §102(5), 107 Stat, at 2319.

7 Id. §101, 107 Stat, at 2318.

8 Id., 107 Stat, at 2318.

9 Id. § 103(c), 107 Stat, at 2320.

10 See text at note 7 supra.

11 State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, §216, formerly 22 U.S.C. §4316.

12 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987, Pub. L. No. 99-93, §136(a), 99 Stat. 405, 421 (1985).

13 Presidential Determination No. 92-4, 56 Fed. Reg. 56,567 (1991) (compiled at 3 C.F.R. 439 (1991 Comp.)).

14 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, supra note 12, §804, 99 Stat, at 449.

15 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989, Pub. L. No. 100-204, §1222, 101 Stat. 1331, 1414 (1987).

16 Multilateral Export Control Enhancements Amendments Act, 50 U.S.C. app. §2410a note (1988).

17 Pub. L. No. 86-90, 73 Stat. 212 (1959).

18 50 U.S.C. §841.

19 Id.

20 8 U.S.C.A. §1424(a)(3) (1994), together with definitional sections 8 U.S.C. §§1101(a)(40) and 1101(e)(3) (1988).

21 8 U.S.C. §1182(a)(3)(D) (Supp. IV 1992).

22 Pub. L. No. 85-7, §2, 71 Stat. 5, 5 (1957).

23 22 U.S.C. §286aa(a) (1988).

24 Formerly 22 U.S.C. §2507(c), repealed in 1992 by Pub. L. No. 102-511, §904, 106 Stat. 3320, 3356 (1992).

25 7 U.S.C. §1703(j), amended by Pub. L. No. 101-624, §1512, 104 Stat. 3359, 3634 (1990).

26 Kleindienst v. Mandel, 408 U.S. 753 (1972). Present legislation requires a showing that admission of the alien would entail “potentially serious adverse foreign policy consequences.”

27 19 U.S.C. §2642(b)(l) (1988).

28 22 U.S.C. §1461 (1988).

29 22 U.S.C. §2082 (1988).

30 I.R.C. §§170(l), 501(n), cross-referencing the Internal Security Act, 50 U.S.C. §790, now repealed by the Friendship Act.

31 I.R.C. §3121(b)(17) (1988).

32 42 U.S.C. §2000e–2(f) (1988).

33 22 U.S.C. §4117(a)(2) (1988).

34 5 U.S.C. §§7120(a)(2), 8315(a)(1) (1988); 29 U.S.C. §504(a) (1988).

35 COCOM, which ceased to exist in the spring of 1994, is referred to in 15 U.S.C.A. §3710 note (West Supp. 1994), 22 U.S.C. §2778 (Supp. IV 1992), 22 U.S.C.A. §5713 (West Supp. 1993), and 50 U.S.C. app. §2410a(a) (1988).

36 The Friendship Act, supra note 2, in §402, 107 Stat, at 2324, did catch this anachronism in the Arms Control Export Act and changed “Warsaw Pact country” to “country of the Eastern Group of States Parties.”

37 Harold H. Koh, The National Security Constitution: Sharing Power after the Iran-Contra Affair 123 (1990).