Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 May 2017
The peace conference held at Paris in 1919 was called upon to consider no question of wider political or economic significance than that of the ordering of navigation on those great rivers usually designated as international and of which the Danube affords one of the most striking examples. In the long progress of 1800 miles from its source eastwards to the Black Sea this river traverses or bounds the territory of eight extensive states displaying a route capable of beneficial exploitation on the part of every country in Europe. Rising on the easterly slope of the Black Forest hill region in the extreme south of Baden, where it is formed by the union at Donaueschingen of two small streams flowing southerly from points near Villingen and Furtwangen, the Danube pursues a general easterly course across Wurtemberg and Bavaria. At Ulm it is joined by the Iller and now becomes navigable.
Authorities: Les Grands Traités Politiques, Pierre Albin, Paris, 1911; Völkerrechtsquellen,Dr. Fleischmann Max , Halle, 1905; The International Organization of the Danube Under the Peace Treaties1 Commercial No. 6 (1878), London ; Further Report on the Improvementsmade in the Navigation of the Danube 1878-93, Commercial No. 6 (1894), London; Despatch by Ideutenant-ColonelSir Trotter Henry The International Organization of the Danube Under the Peace Treaties1 Commercial No. 9 (1907), London ; Éitude de Droit Fluvial International, Pierre Orban, Paris, 1896; Le Danube, André de Saint Clair, Paris, 1899; La Question du Danube, G. Demorgny, Paris, 1911; La Question du Danube, Alexandre Georges Pitistéano, Paris, 1914; Le Danube, C-I Baicoianu, Paris, 1917, (also in Roumanian in more extended form) valuable; International Rivers, Kaeckenbeeck G. , London, Grotius Society Publications,1918; The International Organization of the Danube Under the Peace Treaties1, Paris, 1899 ; Livre V, Chapitre III, “ Du domaine fluvial” ; The International Organization of the Danube Under the Peace Treaties1 Moore J. B. , Washington, 1906, Vol. I, p. 628 et seq.; Das Vdlkerrecht,Dr. Liszt F. von , Berlin,1910, p. 203 et seq., “ The International Organization of the Danube Under the Peace Treaties1” ; International Waterways, Paul Morgan Ogilvie, New York, 1920; “ Le droit fluvial international et le régime du Danube,” Louis Avennier, in BibliothèqueUniverselle et Revue Suisse for March and April 1922; WasserstrasserirJahrbuch, 1922, Munich, (“ Die Donau,” p. 72, et seq.) The Peace Treaties signed by the United States with Germany, August 25, 1921, with Austria at Vienna, August 24, 1921, and with Hungary at Buda-Pest, August 29,1921, contained reservations in favor of the United States and which reservations include Part XII, Ports, Waterways and Railways, of the peace treaty signed at Versailles by the Allies, June 28, 1919; to these should be added the treaty between the Principal Allied Powers and Roumania respecting Bessarabia, signed at Paris, October 28, 1920, (Treaty Series, No. 15, London, 1922; Die Fortbildung des Fluss-Schiffahrtsrechts imVersailler Friedensvertrage, Dr. Hans Wehberg, Berlin, 1919).
2 Printed in Supplement to this Journal, January, 1923 (Vol. 17, No. 1), p. 7.
3 Printed in Supplement to this Journal, January, 1923 (Vol. 17, No. 1), p. 13.