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The Draft Treaties of Peace

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2017

Malbone W. Graham
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Abstract

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Type
Editorial Comment
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 40 , Issue 4 , October 1946 , pp. 781 - 784
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 1946

References

1 The texts of the Bulgarian, Finnish, Hungarian, and Rumanian draft treaties are given in The New York Times, July 31, 1946, pp. 15—21, under a Washington dateline of July 30, that of the Italian treaty in a cable despatch from Paris in its issue of July 27, 1946, pp. 7-10. [These documents are not reprinted in the Journal under our standing rule against printing agreements until finally concluded.—Ed.]

2 Present writer, “Armistices, 1944 Style,” in this Journal, Vol. 38 (1944), pp. 286-296 and “Two Armistices and a Surrender,” in same, Vol. 40 (1946), pp. 148-158.

3 Bulgaria, Art. I; Finland, Arts. I-II; Hungary, Art. I; Italy, Part 1, Sees. I-VI, Arts. I-XIII; Rumania, Arts. 1-2.

4 Bulgaria, Part II, Sees. I-II, Arts. II-VI; Finland, Part II, Sees. I-III, Arts. III-XII; Hungary, Part II, Sees. I-H, Arts. II-IX; Italy, Part II, Sees. I-VIII, Arts. XIV-XXXVII; Rumania, Part II, Sees. I-II, Arts. III-X.

5 Bulgaria, Part III, Sees. I-II, Arts. VII-XVIII; Finland, Part III, Arts. XIII-XXI; Hungary (military only) Part III, Sees. I-II, Arts X-XIX; Italy, Part IV, Sees. I-VII, Arts. XXXIX-LXII; Rumania, Part III, Arts. XI-XX.

6 Bulgaria, Part IV, Art. XIX; Finland, no comparable article; Hungary, Part IV, Art. XX; Italy, Part V, Art. LXIII; Rumania, Part IV, Art. XXI.

7 Bulgaria, Part VI, Arts. XX-XXI; Finland, Part IV, Arts. XXII-XXIII; Hungary, Part V, Arts. XXI-XXII; Italy, Part VI, Sees. 1-2, Arts. LIV-LV, with an added section of great import to Italy, involving Renunciation of Claims, Arts. LVI-LVII; Rumania, Part V, Arts. XXII-XXIII.

8 Bulgaria, Part VI, Arts. XXII-XXXI; Finland, Part V, Arts. XXIV-XXVI and six annexes; Hungary, Part VI, Arts. XXIII-XXXII and six annexes; Italy, Part VII, Secs. I-III, “Property Rights and Interests”; Part VIII, General Economic Relations; and Part X, Miscellaneous, embracing together Arts. LXVIII-LXXIV and eight annexes; Rumania, Arts. XXIII-XXIV.

9 Bulgaria, Part VII, Art. XXXII; Hungary, Part VII, Art. XXXIII; Rumania, Part VII, Arts. XXXII-XXXIII.

10 Bulgaria, Part VIII, Arts. XXXIII-XXXVI and annexes; Finland, Part VI, “Legal Clauses”—a verbalism apparently intended to cushion the effects of the content upon the Finns—Arts. XXXII-XXXIII and 6 annexes; Hungary, Part VIII, Arts. XXXIV-XXXVI and 6 annexes; Italy, Part XI, Arts. LXXV-LXXVIII and 9 annexes.

11 Italy, Arts. VI-XXXVI.

12 This objection is raised in the Italian draft treaty to civil aviation (Art. LXXI, Par. 1, D), property rights of Italian nationals and corporations in ceded territory, and privately owned railways (Annex 3, Par. 5, 6, 10), and is voiced in the last case mentioned (Par. 10) as follows: “The USSR delegation considers that there is no reason for the inclusion in the peace treaty of the French delegation’s proposal, because a peace treaty should not contain provisions dealing with particular private companies.” It also applies to institution of civil proceedings for recovery of industrial, literary and artistic property rights (Annex 5, Par. 4), patent rights (same, Par. 6), insurance (Annex 6B), contracts, prescriptions and negotiable instruments (Annex 7). This view is reiterated in the draft treaties with Bulgaria, Art. XXVIII D Annex 4, P. 4, Annex 5; Finland, Annexes and 5; Hungary, Art. XXIII, Par. 9; Annex 4, B, Par. 3, Annex 5; and Rumania, Art. XXX 1, C.