1 66 Dept. of State Bulletin 898 (1972). Reprinted infra pp. 920–22; also in 11 I.L.M. 756 (1972).

2 Speech by Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the U.S.S.R., at the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers’ Party, Warsaw, November 12, 1968, as quoted in “Czechoslovakia and the Brezhnev Doctrine,” prepared for the Subcommittee on National Security and International Operations of the Committee on Government Operations of the United States Senate, 91st Cong., 1st Sess. 22–23 (1969). See also the statement in Pravda of April 7, 1969: “Socialism and sovereignty are indivisible. Marxists-Leninists believe that when a threat arises to the revolutionary achievements of a people in any country, and thereby to its sovereignty as a socialist country . . . then the socialist states’ international duty is to do everything to suppress this threat. . . •” (Ibid. 8.)

3 Art. 2, para. 4.

4 See also the third paragraph of the declaration in which the parties pledge tc “seek to promote conditions in which all countries will live in peace and security and will not be subject to outside interference in their internal affairs”. “Basic Principles of Mutual Relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics”, cited note 1 above, see infra p. 921.

5 Ibid.

6 Pravda Editorial Article of November 1, 1964, on Soviet Goals and Policies quoted in Ramundo, Peaceful Co-existence 113 (1967).

7 Open Letter of the Central Committee of the Communist party, quoted in Ramundo, op. cit., at 113.

8 “Lenin’s Behest: Peaceful Co-existence,” International Affairs, No. 4 (1962), as quoted in Ramundo, op. cit., at 116.

9 Quoted in Ramundo, op. cit. at 116.