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U.S. Criminal Sanctions for High Seas Pollution by Foreign Vessels Entering U.S. Ports

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

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Abstract

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Type
Contemporary Practice of the United States Relating to International Law
Information
American Journal of International Law , Volume 103 , Issue 4 , October 2009 , pp. 755 - 758
Copyright
Copyright © 2009 by The American Society of International Law

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References

1 U.S. Dep’t of Justice News Release No. 08–1054, Portuguese Shipping Company and Two Employees Found Guilty of Environmental Crimes (Nov. 26, 2008), at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2008/November/08–enrd–1054.html.

2 U.S. Dep’t of Justice Press Release No. 09–727, Ship Operator Sentenced to Pay More Than $2 Million Fine for Concealing Pollution on the High Seas (July 27, 2009), at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2009/July/09–enrd–727.html.

3 [Editor’s Note: Lekkas was later sentenced to ten months’ confinement. U.S. Dep’t of Justice Press Release No. 09–1109, Ship Captain Sentenced to 10 Months Confinement for Obstruction, Environmental and Ship Safety Violations (Oct. 15, 2009), at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2009/October/09–enrd–1109.html.]

4 U.S. Dep’t of Justice Press Release No. 09–740, Third Crewmember Pleads Guilty to Charges Related to Pollution from Cargo Ship (July 30, 2009), at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2009/July/09–enrd–740.html.

5 U.S. Dep’t of Justice Press Release No. 09–925, Liberian Ocean Shipping Company Admits Falsifying Oil Discharge Record Books, Company to Pay $1 Million Fine and $350,000 Community Service Payment (Sept. 3, 2009), at http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2009/September/09–enrd–925.html.