Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8kt4b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-04T23:57:58.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The influence of conventional and compost fertilization on phosphorus use efficiency by broccoli in a phosphorus deficient soil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2009

Marc A. Buchanan  and
Stephen R. Gliessman
Marc A. Buchanan
Affiliation:
Post Doctoral Fellow, Board of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.
Stephen R. Gliessman
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Board of Environmental Studies, and Director, Agroecology Program, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064.
Get access

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) accumulation and use efficiency by broccoli (Brassica oleraceae var. italica) were observed in a field plot study comparing management with varying levels of conventional fertilizer, differing composted amendments, and a combination of inorganic Nitrogen (N) and compost sources. Total P accumulation and yield were highest in treatments incorporating solely compost or vermicompost applications of 30 tons ha–1. Applications of N as ammonium sulfate caused significant soil acidification, which lowered yield and P uptake. Poor growth and yield were probably related to manganese toxicity effects on root extension and activity. These effects were partly ameliorated in treatments combining fertilizer N and compost sources. As a result, yield in plots receiving 75 kg N ha–1 as ammonium sulfate and 8.9 kg P ha–1 as compost was nearly identical to highest experimental yields. Phosphorus use efficiency was highest in this treatment incorporating fertilizer N and compost. Generally, P use efficiency tended to decline at the highest levels of fertilization. We propose that intensive organic matter management may be a good way to improve P use efficiency by vegetable crops.

Keywords

pure efficiencycompostvermicompostbroccolisoil acidificationP adsorptionmanganese toxicity
Type
Articles
Information
American Journal of Alternative Agriculture , Volume 5 , Issue 1 , March 1990 , pp. 38 - 46
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Arkley, R. A. 1967. Soils of the University of California-Santa Cruz Campus. 54 pp.Google Scholar
2.Azvedo, J., and Stout, P. R.. 1974. Farm animal manures: An overview of their role in the agricultural environment. Calif. Agric. Expt. Sta. Serv. Manual #44, University of California. 108 pp.Google Scholar
3.Bache, B. W., and Williams, E. G.. 1971. A phosphorus sorption index for soils. J. Soil Sci. 22:289–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Bohm, W. 1979. Methods of Studying Root Systems. Springer-Verlag. 188 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Bremner, J. M., and Mulvaney, C. S.. 1982. Total nitrogen. In Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., and Keeney, D. R. (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Second Edition. Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 595–624.Google Scholar
6.Coleman, D. C., Reid, C. P. P., and Cole, C. V.. 1983. Biological strategies of nutrient cycling in soil systems. Adv. Ecology 13:1–55.Google Scholar
7.Dalton, J. D., Russell, G. C., and Sieling, D. H.. 1952. Effect of organic matter on phosphate availability. Soil Sci. 73:173–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8.Earl, K. D., Syers, J. K., and McLaughlin, J. R.. 1979. Origin of the effects of citrate, tartrate, and acetate on phosphate sorption by soils and synthetic gels. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 43:674–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Fox, R. L., and Kamprath, E. J.. 1970. Phosphate sorption isotherm for evaluating the phosphate requirements of soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 34:902–907.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Fried, M. and Shapiro, R. E.. 1956. Phosphorus supply pattern of various soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 20:471–475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Griffin, G. F. 1982. A rapid method of estimating the phosphorus sorption capacity of soils. Res. Report #72, University of Connecticut Agric. Exp. Stn., Storrs, Connecticut. 19 pp.Google Scholar
12.Harmsen, K. 1984. Nitrogen fertilizer use in rainfed agriculture. Fertilizer Res. 5:371–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Hellwin, J. T., and Council, K. A.. 1979. SAS Users Guide: 1979 Edition. SAS Institute, cary, North Carolina. 494 pp.Google Scholar
14.Lingle, J. C., and Sciaroni, R. H.. 1959. Manganese in Brussels sprouts. Calif. Agric. 13(2):9.Google Scholar
15.Lingle, J. C., and Wright, J. R.. 1961. Test crop on acid soil indicates manganese toxicity may be aggravated by nitrogen. Calif. Agric. 15(3):12–13.Google Scholar
16.Meek, B. D., Graham, L., and Donovan, T.. 1982. Long-term effects of manure on soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, organic matter, and water infiltration rates. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 46:1014–1019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Mishra, M. M., and Bangar, K. C.. 1986. Rock phosphate composting: Transformation of phosphorus forms and mechanisms of solubilization. Biol. Agric. Hort. 3:331–340.Google Scholar
18.Nelson, D. W., and Sommers, L. E.. 1982. Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., and Keeney, D. R. (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Second Edition. Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 539–579.Google Scholar
19.Novais, R., and Kamprath, E. J.. 1978. Phosphorus supplying capacities of previously heavily fertilized soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 42:931–935.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Novoa, R., and Loomis, R. S.. 1981. Nitrogen and plant production. Plant Soil 58:177–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Olsen, S. R., and Sommers, L. E.. 1982. Phosphorus. In Page, A. L., Miller, R. H., and Keeney, D. R. (eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, Second Edition. Agronomy Monograph No. 9. ASA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 403–430.Google Scholar
22.Peck, N. H., and MacDonald, G. E.. 1986. Cauliflower, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts responses to concentrated superphosphate and potassium chloride fertilization. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 11(2):195–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Sample, E. C., Soper, R. J., and Racz, G. J.. 1980. Reactions of phosphate fertilizers in soils. In Khasawneh, F. E., Sample, E. C., and Kamprath, E. J. (eds.). The Role of Phosphorus in Agriculture. ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 263–310.Google Scholar
24.Satchell, J. E. 1983. Earthworm microbiology. In Satchell, (ed.). Earthworm Ecology. Chapman and Hall. 495 pp.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Satchell, J. E., and Martin, K.. 1984. Phosphatase activity in earthworm species. Soil Biol. Biochem. 16(2):191–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
26.Satchell, J. E., Martin, K., and Krishnamoorthy, R. V.. 1984. Stimulation of microbial phosphatase production by earthworm activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 16(2):195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Singh, C. P., Singh, Y. P., and Singh, M.. 1987. Effect of different carbonaceous compounds on the transformation of soil nutrients. II. Immobilization and mineralization of phosphorus. Biol. Agric. Hort. 4:301–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Sposito, G. 1984. The Surface Chemistry of Soils. Oxford University Press. 223 pp.Google Scholar
29.Swaider, J. M., and Morse, R. D.. 1984. Influence of organic amendments on solution phosphorus requirements for vegetables in minespoil. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 109:150–155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Truog, E. 1948. Lime in relation to availability of plant nutrients. Soil Sci. 65:1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31.U.S.D.A. 1978. Improving Soils with Organic Wastes. U.S. Government Printing Office. 157 pp.Google Scholar
32.Van Gansen, P. S. 1962. Structures and functions of the digestive tract of the lumbricid Eisenia foetida. J. Microscopy 1:363–366.Google Scholar
33.Vendekamp, J. H., Penning De Vries, F. W. T., and Kiit, J. T. M.. 1986. Phosphorus redistribution in maize plants (Zea mays L.) in relation to the nitrogen supply. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 157:208–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34.Vleeschauwer, D. D., and Lal, R.. 1981. Properties of worm casts under tropical forest regrowth. Soil Sci. 132(2):175–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35.Wild, A. 1950. The retention of phosphate by soil. A review. J. Soil Sci. 1:221–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
36.Williams, R. F. 1948. The effects of phosphorus supply on the rates of intake of phosphorus and nitrogen and upon certain aspects of phosphorus metabolism in gramineous plants. Austr. J. Sci. Res. (Series B). 1:333–341.Google Scholar
37.Woodruff, J. R., and Kamprath, E. J.. 1965. Phosphate adsorption maximum as measured by the Langmuir isotherm and its relationship to phosphorus availability. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 29:148–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar