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2 Cf. Abram Chayes, The Role of the Judge in Public Law Litigation, 89 Haw. L. Rev. 1281 (1976).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

3 Richard Morgan, Disabling America: The Rights Industry in Our Time (New York: Basic Books, 1984).Google Scholar

4 For a summary of these arguments, see Joel B. Grossman, Judicial Legitimacy and the Role of Courts: Shapiro's Court's (Review Essay), 1984 A.B.F. Res. J. 214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

5 Younger v. Hams, 401 U.S. 37 (1971).Google Scholar

6 Reported in Samuel Jan Brakel, Mastering the Legal Access Rights of Prison Inmates, 12 New Eng. J. Crim. & Civ. Confinement 1, 32 (1986).Google Scholar

7 See Abram Chayes, Foreword: Public Law Litigation and the Burger Court, The Supreme Court, 1981 Term, 96 Ham. L. Rev. 4 (1982).Google Scholar

8 Owen M. Fiss, The Bureaucratization of the Judiciary, 92 Yale L. J. 1442 (1983).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

9 See, e.g., Lon L. Fuller, The Forms and Limits of Adjudication, 92 Ham. L. Rev. 353 (1978); Martin Shapiro, Courts: A Comparative and Political Analysis (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981); Donald Horowitz, The Courts and Social Policy (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1977).Google Scholar

10 See Chayes, 96 Harv. L. Rev. (cited in note 7).Google Scholar

11 Richard Lempert & Joseph Sanders, An Invitation to Law and Social Science 484 (New York: Longman, 1986).Google Scholar

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13 325 F. Supp. 582 (1971); 334 F. Supp. 1341 (1971).Google Scholar

14 See Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307 (1982); Society for Good Will to Retarded Children v. Cuomo, 737 F.2d 1239 (2d Cir. 1984); and City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, 473 U.S. 432 (1985).Google Scholar

15 Society for Good Will to Retarded Children v. Cuomo, 737 F.2d 1239 (2d Cir. 1984).Google Scholar

16 Horowitz, The Courts and Social Policy (1977).Google Scholar

17 See generally, Stewart Macaulay, Lawyers and Consumer Cases, 14 Law & Soc'y Rev. 115 (1979).Google Scholar

18 Horowitz, The Courts and Social Policy (1977).Google Scholar

19 Cf. Judge Frank Johnson's view of his role in the Alabama hospital and prison cases: The Role of the Federal Courts in Institutional Litigation, 32 Ala. L. Rev. 271 (1981); id., The Constitution and the Federal District Judge, 54 Tex. L. Rev. 903 (1976).Google Scholar

20 See Phillip J. Cooper, Wyatt v. Srickney: Expanding The Horizons of Role Theory (paper presented at 1986 Annual Meeting of Law and Society Association) (“Cooper, Wyatt v. Stickney”). Google Scholar

21 James W. Marquart & Ben M. Crouch, Judicial Reform and Prisoner Control: The Impact of Ruiz v. Estelle on a Texas Penitentiary, 19 Law & Soc'y Rev. 557 (1985). For a somewhat different theory of the breakdown of order in the Texas prisons, see Sheldon Ekland-Olson, Crowding, Social Control, and Prison Violence: Evidence from the Post-Ruiz Years in Texas, 20 Law & Soc'y Rev. 389 (1986).Google Scholar

22 Colin Diver, The Judge as Political Powerbroker: Superintending Structural Change in Public Institutions, 65 Va. L. Rev. 43 (1979).Google Scholar

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24 Linda Harriman & Jeffrey Strausman, Do Judges Determine Budget Decisions?., Pub. Ad. Rev. 343–51 (1983).Google Scholar

25 New York State Association for Retarded Children v. Carey, 631 F.2d 162 (2nd Cir. 1980).Google Scholar

26 Taken from the title of Donald Horowitz's book, The Jurocracy.Google Scholar

27 Cooper, Wyat v. Stickney (cited in note 20).Google Scholar

28 I resist, in this forum, the temptation to discuss the symbolic significance of the news, according to recent reports, that portions of the Willowbrook Hospital have “gone condo.”Google Scholar