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Women and Men in Warfare and Migration: Implications of Gender Imbalance in the Grasshopper Region of Arizona

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Julia C. Lowell
Julia C. Lowell*
Affiliation:
Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminology, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA 50614 ([email protected])
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Abstract

This study demonstrates that gender imbalance can explain certain problematic artifact assemblages. Typical warfare refugee populations include more women than men because more men than women are killed in conflicts. This paper proposes that predominantly female warfare refugees altered the material culture of the Grasshopper region of Arizona during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. This thesis is supported by the temporal congruity of multiple lines of evidence, including evidence outside of the region for the violent deaths of more men than women and evidence within the region for female- dominated burials, immigration, and gendered continuities and discontinuities in material culture.

Résumé

Résumé

Esta investigación demuestra que el desequilibrio del género puede explicar ciertos conjuntos arqueológicos problemáticos de artefactos. Las poblaciones típicas de refugiados de guerra incluyen a más mujeres que hombres porque más hombres que mujeres se matan en conflictos. Este artículo propone que tales refugiados de guerra alteraron los objetos culturales de la región de Grasshopper en Arizona durante los siglos XIII y XIV. Esta tesis está apoyada en la congruencia continua de líneas múltiples de evidencia, incluyendo evidencia fuera de la región para las muertes violentas de más hombres que mujeres y evidencia dentro de la región para los entierros dominados por mujeres, inmigración, y continuidades y discontinuidades de género en objetos culturales.

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Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 72 , Issue 1 , January 2007 , pp. 95 - 123
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2007

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