Once in a while in American archaeology, funds limited by an expiration date or a pressing need for information before site destruction demand carrying on field operations during winter months. When either or both emergencies occur — both did in the 1954-55 winter at historic Jamestown, in Colonial National Historical Park — certain questions arise as to what type of excavating may be efficiently carried on under adverse weather conditions. Possibly the answers gained from experience here may be of interest and value outside of the National Park Service.