Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T07:12:02.382Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Weeden Island Culture: A Preliminary Definition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Gordon R. Willey*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Columbia University

Extract

This paper presents a major portion of the existing data concerning the Weeden Island complex of the Florida Gulf Coast. The most important sources of these data are the writings of the late Clarence B. Moore which deal with the results of several years of investigation of northwest and west Florida and adjacent regions. In the course of these investigations, Moore surveyed and excavated well over one hundred sites along this coast. Sources of secondary importance are various smaller exploration reports of S. T. Walker, F. H. Cushing, J. W. Fewkes, M. W. Stirling, and the present writer. In addition, available but unpublished notes and collections on Florida and reports dealing with geographically and culturally related areas of the Southeast were consulted.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1945

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

CUSHING, F. H. 1896. “Explorations of the Ancient Key-Dwellers Remains on the Gulf Coast of Florida.Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 35, pp. 329–448.Google Scholar
DICKINSON, S. D. 1936. Ceramic Relationships of the Pre-Caddo Pottery from the Crenshaw Site. Bulletin, Texas Archeological and Paleontological Society, Vol. 8.Google Scholar
FEWKES, J. W. 1922. “A Prehistoric Island Culture of America.” Bureau of American Ethnology, 34th Annual Report, pp. 35-281.Google Scholar
FEWKES, J. W. 1924. “Preliminary Archaeological Explorations at Weeden Island, Florida.Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 76, No. 13, pp. 1–26.Google Scholar
J. A., FORD, AND WILLEY, G. R. 1939. Newsletter of the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Vol. 1, Nos. 3 and 4. Mimeographed.Google Scholar
J. A., FORD, AND WILLEY, G. R. 1941. “An Interpretation of the Prehistory of the Eastern United States.American Anthropologist, Vol. 43, No. 3.Google Scholar
GOGGIN, J. M. 1940. “The Distribution of Pottery Ware in the Glades Archaeological Area of South Florida.New Mexico Anthropologist, Vol. 4, No. 2. University of New Mexico.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
GOWER, C. D. 1927. The Northern and Southern Affiliations of Antillean Culture. Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, No. 35.Google Scholar
GREENMAN, E. F. 1938. “Hopewellian Traits in Florida.American Antiquity, Vol. 3, No. 4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
HOLMES, W. H. 1894a. “Caribbean Influences on the Prehistoric Ceramic Art of the Southern States.American Anthropologist, Vol. 7, pp. 71–78.Google Scholar
HOLMES, W. H. 1894b. “Earthen Ware of Florida.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 10, Pt. 1. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
HOLMES, W. H. 1903. “Aboriginal Pottery of the Eastern United States.” Bureau of American Ethnology, 20th Annual Report, pp. 1–237.Google Scholar
KELLY, A. R. 1938. “A Preliminary Report on Archeological Explorations at Macon, Georgia.Anthropological Papers, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 119.Google Scholar
KROEBER, A. L. 1939. Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 38.Google Scholar
LEWIS, T. M. N., AND KNBBERG, M. 1941. The Prehistory of the Chickamauga Basin in Tennessee. Tennessee Anthropological Papers, No. 1. University of Tennessee.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1894. “Certain Sand Mounds of the St. Johns River, Florida.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 10, Pts. 1 and 2. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1896. “Reports on Sites in Duval County, on Murphy Island, and on the Ocklawaha River, Florida.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 10, Pt. 4. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1900. “Certain Antiquities of the Florida West Coast.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 11, Pt. 3. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1901. “Certain Aboriginal Remains of the Northwest Coast of Florida, Part 1.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 11. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1902. “Certain Aboriginal Remains of the Northwest Coast of Florida, Part 2.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 12. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1903. “Certain Aboriginal Mounds of the Central Florida West Coast.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 12, Pt. 3. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1905. “Certain Aboriginal Remains of the Lower Tombigbee River.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 13. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1907. “Mounds of the Lower Chattahoochee and Lower Flint Rivers.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 13. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
MOORE, C. B. 1918. “The Northwestern Florida Coast Revisited.Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol. 16, Pt. 4. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
ROUSE, I. 1940. “Some Evidence Concerning the Origins of West Indian Pottery-Making.American Anthropologist, Vol. 42, No. 1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
STIRLING, M. W. 1936. “Florida Cultural Affiliations in Relation to Adjacent Areas.” In Essays in Historical Anthropology of North America, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, Vol. 100.Google Scholar
WALKER, S. T. 1879. “Reports on the Shell-Heaps of Tampa Bay, Florida.” Smithsonian Institution Annual Report, p. 413.Google Scholar
WALKER, S. T. 1881. “Aborigines of Florida.” Smithsonian Institution Annual Report, p. 677.Google Scholar
WALKER, S. T. 1883. “Mounds and Shell-Heaps on the West Coast of Florida.” Smithsonian Institution Annual Report, p. 854.Google Scholar
WILLEY, G. R., AND; PHILLIPS, P. 1944. “Negative-Painted Pottery from Crystal River, Florida.American Antiquity, Vol. 10, No. 2.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
G. R., WILLEY, AND WOODBURY, R. B. 1942. “A Chronological Outline for the Northwest Florida Coast.American Antiquity, Vol. 7, No. 3.Google Scholar
WISSLER, C. 1938. The American Indian. 3rd edition. New York.Google Scholar