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Public and Private, Domestic and Corporate: The Emergence of the Southwest Asian Village

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Brian F. Byrd
Brian F. Byrd*
Affiliation:
Brian F. Mooney Associates, 9903B Businesspark Avenue, San Diego, CA 92131-1120 and Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
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Abstract

Despite extensive research on the transition from semimobile hunters and gatherers to sedentary, food-producing villagers in Southwest Asia, associated changes in community organization remain unexplored. Undoubtedly new social and economic mechanisms were necessary to facilitate the success of these larger permanent settlements. The emergence of novel intrasite organizational patterns can be elucidated in the archaeological record through analysis of the built environment. This paper presents an interpretation of temporal transformations in community organization utilizing the results from the detailed analysis of Beidha, one of the most extensively excavated early Neolithic villages in Southwest Asia. It is proposed that the emergence of Neolithic farming villages in Southwest Asia was characterized by two parallel and interrelated organizational trends: a more restricted social network for sharing production and consumption activities, and the development of more formal and institutionalized mechanisms for integrating the community as a whole.

Resumen

Resumen

A pesar de que el proceso de transición de cazadores recolectores semi-sedentarios a agricultores sedentarios en el suroeste de Asia ha sido investigado extensivamente, cambios en la organización de la comunidad continúan sin ser explorados. Indudablemente, nuevos mecanismos sociales y económicos fueron necesarios para facilitar el éxito de estos asentamientos permanentes más grandes. La emergencia de nuevos patrones organizativos dentro de la comunidad puede ser elucidada en el registro arqueológico a través del análisis del medioambiente creado. Este artículo presenta una interpretación de las transformaciones temporales en la organización de la comunidad utilizando los resultados de un análisis detallado de Beidha, uno de los asentamientos neolíticos excavados más extensivamente en el suroeste de Asia. Se propone que la emergencia de los asentamientos agricultores neolíticos en el suroeste de Asia se caracterizó por dos tendencias organizativos paralelas e interrelacionadas: una más restringida red social dentro de la cual se compartieron actividades de producción y consumo, y el desarrollo de mecanismos de integración de la comunidad total más formales e institucionalizados.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 59 , Issue 4 , October 1994 , pp. 639 - 666
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1994

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