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Daily Practice and Material Culture in Pluralistic Social Settings: An Archaeological Study of Culture Change and Persistence from Fort Ross, California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Kent G. Lightfoot ,
Antoinette Martinez  and
Ann M. Schiff
Kent G. Lightfoot
Affiliation:
Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3710
Antoinette Martinez
Affiliation:
Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3710
Ann M. Schiff
Affiliation:
Archaeological Research Facility, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3710
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Abstract

This paper presents an archaeological approach to the study of culture change and persistence in multi-ethnic communities through the study of daily practices and based on a crucial tenet of practice theory-that individuals will enact and construct their underlying organizational principles, worldviews, and social identities in the ordering of daily life. The study of habitual routines is undertaken in a broadly diachronic and comparative framework by examining daily practices from a multiscalar perspective. The approach is employed in a case study on the organization of daily life of interethnic households composed of Native Californian women and Native Alaskan men at the Russian colony of Fort Ross in northern California. Recognizing that different opportunities and choices existed for household members in this colonial setting, we explore how they constructed their own unique identities by examining the spatial layout of residential space, the ordering of domestic tasks, and the structure of trash disposal. We argue that trash deposits and middens in built environments, which often accumulate through routinized tasks, present great promise for examining the processes of culture change and persistence in archaeology.

Résumé

Résumé

Este artículo presenta un método arqueológico para estudiar el cambio cultural y la persistencia de comunidades multiétnicas a través del estudio de prácticas cotidianas. El método se construye sobre un principio crucial de teoría de práctica—que individuos promulgarán y construirán sus principios de organización subyacentes, perspectivas del mundo e identidad social en sus acciones de vida diaria. El estudio de rutinas habituates se emprende en un marco ampliamente diacrónico y comparativo al examinar las prácticas diarias desde una perspectiva de múltiples nivelés. Este método se emplea en un caso práctice que estudia la organización de la vida diaria de unidades familiäres interétnicas integradas por mujeres nativas de California y hombres natives de Alaska en la colonia rusa de Fort Ross en California. Tomando en cuenta que existieren diferentes oportunidades y opciones para los miembros defamilias en este ambiente colonial, explorámes cómo construyeron sus identidades propias únicas examinando el esquema espacial del espacio residencial, la manera de organizar las tareas domésticas, y la estructura de disposicién de basura. Argiiimos que depósitos y montones de basura en ambientes construidos, que a menudo se acumulan a medio de rutinas cotidianas, presentan una gran oportunidad para examinar los procesos de cambio cultural y la persistencia en la arqueología.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 63 , Issue 2 , April 1998 , pp. 199 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 1998

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