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The Dorset-Thule Succession in Arctic North America: Assessing Claims for Culture Contact

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Robert W. Park
Robert W. Park*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C., Canada V6T 1Z1
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Abstract

Most Arctic archaeologists believe that the people of the Thule culture, who arrived in the eastern Arctic approximately 1,000 years ago, met people of the Dorset culture and acquired important knowledge from them while replacing them in this region. The most convincing indication for technology transfer comes from the Thule adoption of Dorset harpoon-head styles. However, a review of radiocarbon dates, artifact styles, and site data reveals no conclusive evidence for face-to-face contact between the people of these two cultures. Given evidence that the Thule actively salvaged harpoon heads and carvings from abandoned Dorset sites, I contend that salvage was the sole means of contact between these cultures and the means by which harpoon-head technology was transferred. This example points out the importance of salvage as a mode of culture contact and the weakness of studies that interpret changes in material culture solely in a culture-historical context.

Resumen

Resumen

La mayoría de los arqueólogos árticos creen que la gente de la cultura thule, quien arrivó en el este ártico hace approximadamente un milenio, encontró a gente de la cultura dorset y adquirió importantes conocimientos de ésta al mismo tiempo que la reemplazó en la región. La indicación más convincente de la transferencia de tecnología se encuentra en la adopción de cabezas de arpón de estilo dorset. Sin embargo, una revisión de fechas radiocarbónicas, estilos de artefactos, y datos de sitios no reveló evidencia conclusiva del contacto cara-a-cara entre la gente de estas dos culturas. Dada la evidencia de que thule activamente saqueó cabezas de arpón y esculturas de sitios dorset abandonados, yo sostengo que el saqueo fue la única forma de contacto entre estas culturas y el mecanismo por el cual la tecnología de cabezas de arpón fue transferida. Este ejemplo señala la importancia del saqueo como un modo de contacto cultural y la debilidad de estudios que interpretan cambios en la cultura material solamente en un contexto histórico-cultural.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , April 1993 , pp. 203 - 234
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1993

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