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The Child and the Biblical Landscape in Agnon, Oz, and AppelfeldDedicated to my uncle, Efraim Gottlieb z”l, Gershom Scholem's distinguished disciple and a ground-breaking scholar of Jewish mysticism, in the hope that future scholars will expound on the Kabbalist elements in S. Y. Agnon's story and his entire body of work (and perhaps also in the works of Aharon Appelfeld, Efraim Gottlieb's student at Hebrew University) more thoroughly than I undertook in this article.—Nehama (Gottlieb) Aschkenasy.
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 April 2004
Each of the three childhood stories, S. Y. Agnon's “Bayaעar ūvaעir” [In the Forest and in the Town] (1939), Amos Oz's Panter bamartef [Panther in the Basement] (1995), and Aharon Appelfeld's Layish (1994), offers a child protagonist who inhabits two parallel landscapes: his own environment and the biblical universe. These child protagonists relive a biblical experience, but the degree to which the respective writers make them participants in evoking the biblical sphere is different in each story. These stories exhibit distinctly different paradigms of the art of embedding the biblical text in a modern, secular narrative and of the status it is given within it. In Agnon's tale, the scriptural intertext is inseparable from a dense network of Judaic master texts, discoursing with and commenting on each other. In Oz's novella, the biblical arena is the ancient parallel of present-day reality, the admired yet challenged national epic that mirrors and informs current political and territorial aspirations. In Appelfeld's novella, the biblical pattern is a remote, foreboding myth, not fully recognized by the actors in the modern tale yet powerful enough to hover over them and determine their destiny.