This article presents the results of research concerning possibilities of applying multilayer perceptron type of neural network for fault diagnosis, state estimation, and prediction in the gas pipeline transmission network. The influence of several factors on accuracy of the multilayer perceptron was considered. The emphasis was put on the multilayer perceptrons' function as a state estimator. The choice of the most informative features, the amount and sampling period of training data sets, as well as different configurations of multilayer perceptrons were analyzed.