Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T10:41:17.242Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Caring for China's Ageing Population: The Residential Option — A Case Study of Shanghai

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2008

Abstract

China is a rapidly ageing nation. With nearly 10 % of its population over sixty, forecasts predict that this proportion will double by 2025. Such ageing is particularly acute in some of the large cities, where the impact of population policies has combined with lengthening life expectancies, to increase rapidly the percentages of elderly residents. Following a brief review of health and welfare policies directed towards elderly people, the paper draws on documentary and field research, carried out in Shanghai, to assess the current development and administration of residential homes in that city. Using a variety of case- study material the paper discusses the current situation of residents in relation to their former life experiences. It appears that in communist China, as in western democracies, former positions and allegiances in younger life help construct the experience of old age.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

NOTES

China National Committee on Ageing, Population Aging in China. Asian Population Studies series: 95 ESCAP Bangkok. United Nations, New York, 1989.Google Scholar

Mathematics Department, East Normal University, Shanghai.

Censuses have been held in the People's Republic in 1953, 1964, 1982, 1990. The data from the 1982 census is considered to be of a far higher standard than the previous two. CBR and CDR taken from State Statistical Bureau of China, Statistical Yearbook of China, 1986.

Wang, Hong, The population policy of China. In Wang, Jiye and Hull, T. (eds), Population and Development Planning in China. Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1991.Google Scholar

Hull, T. and Quanhe, Yang, Fertility and family planning. In Wang, Jiye and Hull, T. (eds), Population and Development Planning in China. Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1991.Google Scholar

Rang, Zhigang and Cheng, Liankang, Population aging and social security. In Wang, Jiye and Hull, T. (eds), Population and Development Planning in China. Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1991.Google Scholar

Zhang, Kai Ming, Unpublished discussion, Seminar on Chinese and British elderly, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, 09 1988.Google Scholar

Gong, Shang Ri Bao, 4 08 1950.Google Scholar

Wen, Hui Bao (Hong Kong), 5 08 1950.Google Scholar

Remin, Ribao (RMRB), 26 01 1956.Google Scholar

Sidel, V. W. and Sidel, R., The Health of China. Zed Press, 1982.Google ScholarPubMed

Sidel, V. W. and Sidel, R., The health care delivery system of the People's Republic of China. In Newell, K. (ed.), Health by the People. WHO, Geneva, 1976.Google Scholar

Lampton, D., Health Conflict and the Chinese Political System. Michigan Papers in Chinese Studies, No. 18, 1974.Google Scholar

Sanders, D., The Struggle for Health Medicine and the Politics of Underdevelopment. Macmillan, London, 1985.Google Scholar

RMRB, 27 April 1954.

RMRB, 10 June 1958.

RMRB, 15 January 1959.

Da, Gong Bao (Beijing), 26 09 1959.Google Scholar

RMRB, 12 February 1961.

Sankar, A., Gerontological research in China: the role of anthropological enquiry. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 4 (1989), 199224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Henderson, G. and Cohe, M., The Chinese Hospital. Yale University Press, New Haven, 1984.Google Scholar

Huang, Y., Wang, X. and Yue, X., Medical and health care problems of the rural elderly. Paper presented to the Workshop on Population Ageing, ESCAP Bangkok, 07 1991.Google Scholar

Davis-Friedmann, D., Intergenerational inequalities and the Chinese revolution. Modern China, II, 2 (1985), 177201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Song, Yuhua, China's elderly. Unpublished working paper, 1990.Google Scholar

Ministry of Civil Affairs, 28 06 1981.Google Scholar

Beijing Civil Affairs Bureau, 1982 (undated statement).Google Scholar

Ministry of Civil Affairs, 1981 (undated statement).Google Scholar

Yu, Guanghon, Chairman of the Chinese National Committee on Ageing, 24 01 1984, Beijing. 1985: 22 provinces; 1986: 26 provinces; 1988: 28 provinces.Google Scholar

Mr Zhang, Chairman of the Beijing Committee on Ageing: private communication.

Standing Committee ofTaijin Municipal People's Congress. 20 Article Regulation to Protect Legal Rights of Senior People. 19 03 1987.Google Scholar

RMRB, 19 03 1987.Google Scholar

MrZhang, Ziang, Chairman of the Shanghai Committee on Ageing: private communication.Google Scholar

National Committee on Ageing, China's ageing population. Paper presented to the Australian Association of Gerontology Conference, Brisbane, 09 1988.Google Scholar

The definition of household used by the Chinese Bureau of Public Security, and commonly accepted by the Chinese people, comprises those who eat together, particularly those who share the main meal. This definition was formalised under the communist régime with the assigning of household ration books.

Zhang, Kai-Ming, Report of the elderly in Shanghai 1986. China Population Science, 08 1987.Google Scholar

Shi-Xun, Gui, Li-Kui, Li, Zhe-Ning, Shen, Jue-Xin, Di, Quan-Zhong, Gu, Yang-Ming, Chen and Fang, Qian, Status and needs of the elderly in urban Shanghai. Journal of Cross Cultural Gerontology, 2 (1987), 171–86.Google Scholar

Jai, Aimei, New experiments with elderly care in China. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 3 (1988), 139–48.Google Scholar

Shi-Xun, Gui, A report from mainland China. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 3 (1988), 149–67.Google Scholar

Chen, Hunchang, Survey of Old People in Beijing, Xicheng District, Beijing University of Medical Science, 1988.Google Scholar

Yuan, F., The status and role of the Chinese elderly in families and society. In Schultz, J. and Davis-Friedmann, D. (eds), Aging China: Family, Economics and Government Policies in Transition. Proceedings of the International Forum on Aging, Beijing, 1986. Gerontological Society of America, Washington DC, 1987.Google Scholar

Yang, C. K., The Chinese Family in the Communist Revolution. M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, 1965.Google Scholar

Yang, C. K., Religion in Chinese Society. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1967.Google Scholar

Yang, C. K., The Chinese Village in Early Communist Transition. M.I.T. Press, Cambridge, MA, 1966.Google Scholar

Wolf, M., Revolution Postponed: Women in Contemporary China. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 1985. Article 44–54, State Constitution.Google Scholar

Marriage Law, I January 1981, Article 15. Inheritance Law, April 1985.

Davlin, D., Women- Work: Women and Party in Revolutionary China. OUP, London, 1976.Google Scholar

Davis-Friedmann, D., Old age security and the one-child campaign. In Croll, E., Davin, D. and Kane, P. (eds), China's One-Child Family Policy. Macmillan, London, 1985.Google Scholar

Davis-Friedmann, D., Long Lives: Chinese Elderly and the Communist Revolution. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1983. All personal names have been changed. Median pension around 50 Yuan a month; a recent survey suggested that only 6% of retired pensioners in Shanghai received 100 Yuan or more.Google Scholar

Shi-Xun, Gui, Li-Kui, Li, Zhe-Ning, Shen, Jue-Xin, Di, Quan-Zhong, Gu, Yang-Ming, Chen and Fang, Qian, Status and needs of the elderly in urban Shanghai. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 2 (1987), 171–86.Google Scholar

Cui, Naifu (Minister of Civil Affairs), 23 01 1984.Google Scholar

Hull, T. and Yang, Q., Fertility and family planning. In Wang, J. and Hull, T. (eds), Population and Development Planning in China. Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 1991.Google Scholar