Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-16T15:12:41.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Tòkana: The Collapse of the Rural Malagasy Community

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2013

Abstract:

Madagascar is often cited as an example of a country with a long history of local institutional strength and stalwart community participation in the decision-making process. This article explores the crisis of community life in southern Madagascar, particularly the changed nature of community involvement. Associational life is in decline—a result not only of challenging economic conditions, but also of eroded social norms, as the rule-making institutions of the past have been replaced by the loose guidelines of the present. This situation, which has the potential of exacerbating economic problems, is also likely to have grievous political and ecological consequences.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adegunmobi, Moradewun. 1996. J J Rabearivelo, Literature and Lingua Franca in Colonial Madagascar. New York: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Cole, Jennifer. 2001. Forget Colonialism: Sacrifice and the Art of Memory in Madagascar. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Covell, Maureen. 1987. Madagascar: Politics, Economics, and Society. London: F. Pinter.Google Scholar
Davis, Steve, Elin, Larry, and Reeher, Grant. 2004. Click on Democracy: The Internet's Power to Change Political Apathy into Civic Action. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Decary, Raymond. 1930. L'Androy: Essai de monographie règionale. Paris: Société d'Éditions Géographiques, Maritimes, et Coloniales.Google Scholar
Esoavelomandroso, Manassé. 1979. La Province Maritime Orientale du “Royaume de Madagascar” à la Fin du XIX Siècle 1882–1895. Antananarivo: Imprimerie du FTM.Google Scholar
de Flacourt, Etienne. 1995 [1658]. Histoire de Ia Grande Isle Madagascar. Paris: Editions Karthala et INALCO.Google Scholar
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2000. Special Report FAO/WFP Mission to Assess the Impact of Cyclones and Drought on the Food Supply Situation in Madagascar. Rome: FAO.Google Scholar
Heutebize, Georges. 1986. Historie des Afomarolahy. Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.Google Scholar
Hobgood, Harlan. 1993. Decentralizing for Democracy in Madagascar: The Beginnings, the Process, the Unfinished Agenda. Antananarivo: USAID.Google Scholar
Kaufmann, Jeffrey C. 2001. “La Question des Raketa: Colonial Struggles with Prickly Pear Cactus in Southern Madagascar, 1900–1923.” Ethnohistory 48 (1–2): 87121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kavanaugh, Andrea L., and Patterson, Scott J.. 2001. “The Impact of Community Computer Networks on Social Capital and Community Involvement.” American Behavioral Scientist 45: 496509.Google Scholar
Kull, Christian A. 2004. The Isle of Fire: The Political Ecology of Landscape Burning in Madagascar. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Lejamble, M. G. 1963. Le Fokonolona et le Pouvoir. Antananarivo: Centre de Droit Publique et de Science Politique.Google Scholar
Maclean, J. L., et al., eds. 2002. Rice Almanac, Third Edition. Wallingford, U.K.: CABI Publishing.Google Scholar
Marcus, Richard R. 2000. “Cultivating Democracy on Fragile Grounds: Environmental Institutions and Non-Elite Perceptions of Democracy in Madagascar and Uganda. Ph.D. diss., University of Florida.Google Scholar
Marcus, Richard R., et al. 2001. “Defining Democracy in Uganda, Madagascar, and Florida, USA.” Journal of Asian and African Studies 36 (1).Google Scholar
Narayan, D., and Pritcha, L.. 1997. Cents and Sociability: Household Income and Social Capital in Rural Tanzania. Washington, D.C.: World Bank.Google Scholar
Ottino, Paul. 1982. “Myth and History: The Malagasy “Andriambahoaka” and the Indonesian Legacy.” History in Africa 9: 221–50CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pateman, Carole. 1970. Participation and Democratic Theory. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D.. 1995. “Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital.” Journal of Democracy 6 (1): 6578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, Robert D.. Putnam, Robert. 2001. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D.. Putnam, Robert. 2007. “E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty-first Century: The 2006Johan Skytte Prize Lecture.” Scandinavian Political Studies 30 (2): 137–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putnam, Robert D., and Feldstein, Lewis. 2003. Better Together: Restoring the American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Rabesahala, N., et al. 1994. Rapport sur les Recherches Relatives a Ia Gouvernance Locale a Madagascar. Antananarivo: USAID.Google Scholar
Rakotorisoa, Jean-Aime. 1998. Mille Ans d'Occupation Humaine dans le Sud-Est de Madagascar: Anosy, line Ile au Milieu des Terres. Paris: Karthala.Google Scholar
Razanabahiny, V. 1995. Le Dina Convention entre Membres de Communautes Villageoises: Son Opportunite Ou Non Dans La Conservation De La Nature. Cas de la Reserve Naturelle Integrale d'Andohahela—Tolagnaro. Universite D'Antanananarivo, Ecle Normale Superieure, Filiere Lettres Malgaches Anthropologic Memoire de C.A.P.E.N.Google Scholar
Scott, James C. 1999. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Scott, Gregory J., Rosegrant, Mark W., and Ringler, Claudia. 2000. Roots and Tubers for the Twenty-First Century: Trends, Projections, and Policy Options. Food, Agriculture, Tokana: The Collapse of the Rural Malagasy Community 103 and the Environment Discussion Paper 31. Washington, D.C.: International Food Policy Research Institute.Google Scholar
Terbourgh, John. 1999. Requiem for Nature. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
De Tocqueville, Alexis. 1969. Democracy in America. Edited by Mayer, J. P.. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday.Google Scholar