Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T11:43:48.643Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Is It Ethical to Study Africa? Preliminary Thoughts on Scholarship and Freedom

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 October 2013

Abstract:

This article explores the manner in which ethical concerns have been addressed within Africa's progressive intellectual tradition through the eras of anti-colonial, pan-African, and nationalist struggles for freedom, and into the era of globalization. Africa is characterized as the region bearing the most negative con-sequences of globalization, a reality that offers a critical vantage point well-attuned to the challenge of demystifying the global policy dictates currently dominating the global landscape. Ethical considerations are conceptualized as being framed by considerations of identity, epistemology, and methodology. It is suggested that Africa's radical intellectuals have effectively pursued anti-imperialist ethics, and developed regional and national intellectual communities of scholars who have worked for freedom, often challenging and subverting the constraints of dominant and received disciplinary approaches and paradigms. However, it is suggested that the liberatory promise of the anticolonial nationalist eras has not been fulfilled. While the fortunes of higher education and research in Africa have declined, scholars have established independent research networks in and beyond the campuses to keep African intellectual life alive. However, it is argued that Africa's intellectuals need to engage more proactively with the methodological implications of their own liberatory intellectual ethics. To do so requires that we address the intellectual challenges of Africa's complicated and contradictory location in the world and ensure that our unique vantage points inform methodological and pedagogical strategies that pursue freedom.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © African Studies Association 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ake, C. 1994. “Academic Freedom and Material Base.” In Academic Freedom in Africa, edited by Diouf, M. and Mamdani, M., 1725. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Anderson, B. 1983. Imagined Communities. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Appiah, K. A. 1992. In My Father's House: Africa in the Philosophy of Culture. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Appiah, K. A. 2005. The Ethics of Identity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Bennett, Jane, ed. 2006. Killing a Virus with Stones? Research on the Implementation of Policies against Sexual Harassment in Southern African Higher Education. Cape Town: African Gender Institute.Google Scholar
Bourgois, P. 2006. “Foreword.” In Engaged Observer: Anthropology, Advocacy and Activism, edited by Sanford, V. and Angel-Ajani, A., ix-xii. New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Diagne, S. B. 2001. “Africanity as an Open Question.” Discussion Paper 12, 1924. Uppsala: Nordikafrika Institutet.Google Scholar
Diouf, M., and Mamdani, M., eds. 1994. Academic Freedom in Africa. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Fanon, F. 1967. Black Skin, White Masks. London: Grove Press.Google Scholar
Federici, Silvia, Caffentzis, George, and Alidou, Ousseina. 2000. A Thousand Flowers: Social Struggles against Structural Adjustment in African Universities. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press.Google Scholar
Ferguson, J. 2006. Global Shadows: Africa in the Neoliberal World Order. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.Google Scholar
Held, D., et al. 1999. Global Transofrmations; Politics, Economics and Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Hountondji, P. 1983. African Philosophy: Myth and Reality. London: Hutchinson.Google Scholar
Hountondji, P, ed. 1997. Endogenous Knowledge: Research Trails. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Hountondji, P, ed. 2002. The Struggle for Meaning: Reflections on Philosophy, Culture and Democracy in Africa. Athens: Ohio University Press.Google Scholar
Imam, Ayesha, and Mama, Amina. 1994. “The Role of Academics in the Restriction of Academics in Africa.” In Academic Freedom in Africa, edited by Diouf, M. and Mamdani, M., 73107. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Ki-Zerbo, J. 2005African Intellectuals, Bationalism and Pan-Africanism: A Testimony.” In African Intellectuals: Rethinking Language, Gender and Development, edited by Mkandawire, T., 7893. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Lewis, D. 2003. “African Women's Studies 1980–2001: A Review Essay.” Prepared for the African Gender Institute's “Strengthening Gender Studies for Social Transformation: An Intellectual Capacity-Building and Information Technology Development Project.” Cape Town: African Gender Institute, University of Cape Town, www.gwsafrica.org.Google Scholar
Mama, Amina. 1995. “Feminism or Femocracy: State Feminism and Democratisation in Nigeria.” Africa Development 20 (1): 3758.Google Scholar
Mama, Amina. 1996. Women's Studies and Studies of Women During the 1990s. Working Paper Series 5/96. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Mama, Amina. 2001. “Challenging Subjects: Gender and Power in African Contexts.” In Diagne, B. et al., Identity and Beyond: Rethinking Africanity. Discussion Paper 12. Uppsala: Nordiska Africainstitutet.Google Scholar
Mama, Amina. 2003. “Restore, Reform but Do Not Transform: The Gender Politics of Higher Education in Africa.” Journal of Higher Education in Africa 1(1): 101–25.Google Scholar
Mama, Amina. 2006. “Feminist Studies in African Contexts: The Challenge of Transformative Teaching in African Universities.” In The Study of Africa: Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Encounters, edited by Zeleza, Paul, 297312. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Mkandawire, T. 1999. “Shifting Commitments and National Cohesion in African Countries.” In Common Security and Civil Society in Africa, edited by Wohlegemuth, L. S. et al. 1441. Uppsala: Nordiska Africakainstitutet.Google Scholar
Mkandawire, T, ed. 2005. African Intellectuals: Rethinking Language, Gender and Development. London: Zed Books.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mkandawire, T., and Soludo, C.. 1996. Our Continent Our Future: African Perspectives on Structural Adjustment. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Mudimbe, V. 1988. The Invention of Africa: Gnosis, Philosophy, and the Order of Knowledge. London: James Currey.Google Scholar
Olagunju, Tunji, Jinadu, Adele, and Oyovbaire, Sam. 1993. The Transition to Democracy in Nigeria (1985–1993). Ibadan: Spectrum Books.Google Scholar
Pereira, Charmaine. 2002. “Between Knowing and Imagining: What Space for Feminism in Scholarship on Africa.” Feminist Africa 1 (1).Google Scholar
Phiri, I. 2000. “Gender and Academic Freedom in Malawi.” In Women in Academia: Gender and Academic Freedom in Africa, edited by Sail, Ebrima, 4763. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Sall, Ebrima. 2003. “The Social Sciences in Africa: Trends, Issues, Capacities and Constraints.” Paper prepared for the Human Capital Committee of the Social Science Research Council, “Mapping Human Capital Globally.” New York: Social Science Research Council.Google Scholar
Sall, Ebrima, ed. 2000. Women in Academia: Gender and Academic Freedom in Africa. Dakar: CODESRIA.Google Scholar
Samoff, Joel, and Carrol, Bidemi. 2004. “The Promise of Partnership and Continuities of Dependence: External Support to Higher Education in Africa.” African Studies Review 41 (1): 67199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawyerr, A. 2004. “Challenges Facing African Universities: Selected Issues.” African Studies Review 47 (1): 159.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, J. E. 2003. Globalization and Its Discontents. New York: W.W. Norton.Google Scholar
Third World Network (TWN)/CODESRIA. 2002. Declaration on African Development. Accra: Third World Network.Google Scholar
wa Thiong'o, N. 1986. Decolonising the Mind: The Politics of Language in African Literature. Nairobi: Heinemann.Google Scholar
Zeleza, Tiyambe Paul. 2002. “African Universities and Globalization.” Feminist Africa 1 (1): 6485.Google Scholar
Zeleza, Tiyambe Paul. 2003. Rethinking Africa's Globalization. Volume 1: The Intellectual Challenges. Trenton, N.J.: Africa World Press.Google Scholar