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Building African Comic Art/Bandes Dessinées Collections in Libraries

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2022

Peter Limb*
Affiliation:
Michigan State University Libraries
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Extract

Librarians have tended, for various reasons, to neglect comic art and yet it is one of the fastest growing (sub-) genres in Africa today. With the rapid adoption of online media by African artists to present their drawings it is now easier to track down these artists, often hunted remorselessly by politicians keen to censor their ironic barbs. One reason for neglect by libraries has been the difficulty of acquiring comic art from Africa or even from the North about Africa given that ‘comics’ are often outside the normal trade spheres, and with that in mind this article seeks to offer practical suggestions for those wishing to build their collections in this area. I first sketch the background to comic art and libraries, then discuss the ‘art of collecting', particularly from Africa, and finally raise questions of digital art.

Type
Other Articles
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 2015

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Footnotes

1

Edited version of keynote address to ELIAS conference, BUCAP Paris July 2015. My thanks to Randy Scott for advice and cartoonist-scholars Christophe Cassiau-Haurie, Patrick Githara, Tebogo Motswetla and Ganiyu Jimga Jimoh for permissions.

References

Notes

2 For delineations see D., Fingeroth, The Rough Guide to Graphic Novels (London, Rough Guide, 2008) 37 and, although lacking African treatment,Google Scholar Sabin, R., Comics, Comix and Graphic Novels: A History of Comic Art (London, Phaidon Press, 1996)Google Scholar

3 See my paper ‘Old Gags, New Directions: African Cartoonists Drawing a Line between Play and Power’ for ‘“Them Damned Pictures“: Explorations in African Middle Eastern Political Cartoon Art’ conference, East Lansing, March 2016 and my introduction to Taking African Cartoons Seriously, Olaniyan, T. and Limb, P. eds. (forthcoming, MSU Press). The most comprehensive treatment is John Lent ed. Cartooning in Africa (Cresskill NJ, Hampton Press,2009),Google Scholar with a useful bibliography. New pathways are explored in African Print Cultures Newell, S., Hunter, E., and Peterson, D. eds. (Ann Arbor, MI, University of Michigan Press, 2016) .Google Scholar

4 Wood, M.. Radical Satire and Print Culture 1790-1822 (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1994), 35;Google Scholar Maidment, B.. Comedy, Caricature and the Social Order, 1820-50 (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 2013);Google Scholar Minois, G.. Histoire du rire et de la derision (Paris, Fayard, 2000);Google Scholar Knight, C.. The Literature of Satire (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2004);CrossRefGoogle Scholar McLain, K., India's Immortal Comic Books (Bloomington, Indiana University Press, 2009),Google Scholar Koyama- Richard, B., One Thousand Years of Manga(Paris, Flammarion, 2007);Google Scholar Palmer, J.. Taking Humour Seriously (London, Routledge, 1993).Google Scholar

5 Musila, G.. ‘Democrazy: Laughter in Gado's Editorial Cartoons (1992-1999)' in Urban Legends, Colonial Myths: Popular Culture and Literature in East Africa, Ogude, J. and Nyairo, J. eds. (Trenton NJ, Africa World Press, 2007), 97123,98.Google Scholar

6 Navasky, V., ‘Jonathan Shapiro (Zapiro)', in The Art of Controversy: Political Cartoons and Their Enduring Power (New York,Alfred A. Knopf, 2013), 191195.Google Scholar

7 Open Book Comics Fest, part of the annual Open Book Festival in Cape Town every September.

8 McKinney, M., ‘Representations of History and Politics in French-Language Comics and Graphic Novels’ in History and Politics in French-Language Comics and Graphic Novels ed. M. McKinney 0ackson, Mississippi, University Press of Mississippi, 2008), 16CrossRefGoogle Scholar. The first major exhibition of African comic art in the US was in New York in 2006.

9 See his edited book series, ‘L'Harmattan|BD’ and work for Africultures. In our Africana unit at MSU, I have had a Senegalese postgraduate student worker going through this copious dictionary, entry by entry, to assist new acquisitions.

10 Bees, J., ‘Stupid Hares and Margarine: Early Swahili Comics', in Lent, Cartooning in Africa 137157,138.Google Scholar

11 British Cartoon Archive www.cartoons.ac.uk. Low, David, whose drawings for the Guardian warned of Hitler's rise, drew interesting critical cartoons on colonialism in Africa: see Low's Cartoon History 1945-53 (New York, Simon & Schuster, 1953).Google Scholar

12 See Alimi, M., ‘A Study of the Stylistic Markers of the Language of Cartoons in NigeriaStudies in African Linguistics, 22,1991,189206 and the podcast ‘Nigerian Politics and Society in Cartoon Art’ afripod.aodl.org/2015/10/afripod-95 (2015).Google Scholar

13 On soccer cartoons see Bailer, S., ‘Football and the Representation of History: The Senegalese 2002 ‘Success Story’ in Football Cartoons and Advertisements', Soccer & Society, 13(2) 2012,309326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

14 Bumatay, M., ‘Humor as a Way to Re-Image and Re-Imagine Gabon and France in La vie de Pah£ and Dipoula', European Comic Art, 5(2) 2012, 4566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

15 See Gueydan-Turek, A., ‘Cute Girls, Tough Boys: Performing Gender in Algerian Manga', ibid. 7(1) 2014, 85111.Google Scholar

16 For more on Nigerian comics see Falola, T. and A.Adesanya, eds. Art, Parody and Politics (Trenton, NJ, Africa World Press, 2014).Google Scholar

17 Jimga, , The Change We Need: An Exhibition of Cartoons (East Lansing MI, Michigan State University, 2015).Google Scholar

18 Adams, P., ‘Foreword’ to Arrest That Cartoonist! Considine, M., comp. (Melbourne, Penguin, 1986), 1.Google Scholar

19 First published in his Drawing the Line: The History & Impact of Political Cartooning in Kenya (Nairobi, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, 2004).Google Scholar

20 See Mbembe, A., On the Postcolony (Berkeley, University of California Press, 2001), chapter 4 on cartoons in Cameroon.Google Scholar

21 See Callus, P., ‘Animation, Fabrication, Photography: Reflections upon the Intersecting Practices of Sub-Saharan Artists within the Moving Image', African Arts, 48(3) 2015, 5869.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

22 In Layiwola, P., ‘Making Meaning from a Fragmented Past: 1897 and the Creative Process', Open Arts Journal, 3,2014.Google Scholar

23 Saint, L., ‘Not Western: Race, Reading & the South African PhotocomicJournal of Southern African Studies 36, 2010, 939-958.Google Scholar

24 On this resilience see Willems, Wendy, ‘Comic Strips and “The Crisis“: Postcolonial Laughter and Coping with Everyday Life in Zimbabwe', Popular Communication, 9,2011,126145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar