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‘No condition is permanent’:1 ethnic construction and the use of history in Akuapem

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

Résumé

Cet article relate une crise politique récente qui a mené au morcellement, essentiellement ethnique, du modeste royaume ghanéen d'Akuapem. La situation est complexe, bien que certains puissent choisir de la formuler trop simplement en termes d'hégémonie des Akan sur les Guan, voire même de double hégémonie en ce sens que les arguments avancés par les deux parties font appel à des notions “modernes”, aux tribunaux, à la constitution et à la “liberté”, ainsi quʼaux journaux pour promouvoir une position par la propaganda, plutôt que de faire appel à l'autorité arbitrale “traditionnelle”, au détronement, aux tombeaux ancestraux et aux dieux. Ethnicité et identité sont des notions qui revêtent des significations nombreuses et mal définies qui se fragmentent lorsquʼelles sont dissociées des situations spécifiques dans lesquelles elles étaient utilisées ou fondées. Pour examiner l'ethnicité, il convient d'étudier les liens étroits qui existent entre ces ethnicités; il est aussi nécessaire de disposer d'une perspective historique car, quelle que soit l'individualité qui prévalait aux XVIIIème et XIXème siècles, la situation est évidemment différente aujourdʼhui. Les nombreuses précisions historiques et ethnographiques contenues dans l'article sont essentielles pour faire ressortir la structure de l'ordre social et révéler dans toute leur complexité les facteurs qui se cachent derrière les luttes récentes et la tension permanente qui affectent le royaume.

Type
Groups within groups in Ghana
Information
Africa , Volume 67 , Issue 4 , October 1997 , pp. 501 - 533
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1997

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