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Matiyo and his Two Wives: A Further Case Study From Bunyoro1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2012

Extract

The following text was recorded in 1953, in Lunyoro, by my assistant at that time, Mr. Edward Byaruhanga, a young man who had just finished secondary school. It is about a man called Matiyo (I have altered all the personal names) who decided, against his father's advice, to take a second wife, and it tells how this decision led to misfortune for Matiyo and his family. Traditionally in Bunyoro men liked to have two wives, or even more if they could afford to pay the bridewealth for them, and many still do. But it is well known that such joint households are not always happy ones, for two women who are competing for the favours of one man sometimes become jealous of each other, and this may lead to accusations of sorcery, even to violence, between them. Things are more difficult now than they were in traditional times, for many modern women, even in remote areas, have been to school for a year or two, and have learned to expect a more equal relationship with their husbands than their mothers enjoyed. Such a woman, after she is married, does not always look kindly on the arrival in her home of a second wife, especially if she is younger and prettier than she is. Also, more than half a century of Christian missionary activity has led, if not to the abandonment of polygyny, at least to the recognition that monogamy is the European ideal, and so—at least from the woman's standpoint—a status of rather higher prestige by modern standards. Many women leave their husbands, even after years of marriage, when they take second wives.

Résumé

MATIYO ET SES DEUX FEMMES: UNE NOUVELLE ÉTUDE CHEZ LES NYORO

Ce texte, traduit du Lunyoro, relate l'histoire de Matiyo qui, n'ayant pas d'enfant de sa première femme, décida d'en prendre une seconde. Bien qu la polygynie soit acceptée chez les Nyoro, son père lui déconseilla vivement de le faire, surtout en raison des qualités exceptionnelles de sa première épouse, et de la dissension que peut introduire dans une maison la présence de deux femmes. Malgré cela, Matiyo insista et prit une seconde femme. Il y eut tout de suite de l'hostilité entre les deux épouses: la nouvelle, qui avait mauvais caractère, calomniant la première et la tourmentant tellement que celle-ci retourna chez ses parents, craignant des pratiques de sorcellerie. Mais Matiyo, après un échange de vues avec ses parents, fut convaincu par eux d'infliger de sérieuses réprimandes à sa nouvelle épouse, et elle revint chez lui. Les choses allèrent de mal en pis, et en fin de compte la première femme consulta un devin célèbre pour savoir ce qu'elle devait faire. Il confirma qu'elle était victime des manœuvres de sorcellerie de l'autre épouse et lui proposa un charme qu'elle refusa. Plus tard elle tomba très malade et quitta son mari définitivement. Celui-ci fut aussi abandonné par sa seconde femme; il vit maintenant sans femme ni famille. La morale de ceci pour les Nyoro est qu'un homme a tort de ne pas tenir compte des conseils de son père, et qu'il faut obtenir le consentement de sa première épouse, si l'on désire en prendre une seconde.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1965

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References

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