^{page 265 note 1} This paper is based on a memorandum prepared at the East African Institute of Social Research for the C.C.T.A. Conference on the Social Sciences held at Bukavu in the Belgian Congo during August and September 1955. That memorandum was seen and commented on by the four East African Governments, whose general concurrence with its content and recommendations may accordingly be assumed.

^{page 265 note 2} Useful bibliographies are to be found in Stanner, W. E. H., Report on social science research in Uganda and Tanganyika, 1949 (unpublished)Google Scholar, and Schapera, I., Some Problems of Anthropological Research in Kenya Colony, International African Institute Memorandum xxiii, 1949.Google Scholar For certain peoples, the relevant sections of the Ethnographic Survey of Africa, published by the International African Institute, under the editorship of Daryll Borde, provide a summary, analysis, and bibliography of existing information. Other volumes of this survey are in preparation. Though in what follows I make no detailed references to the two Reports cited above, the extent to which this review is based on them will be obvious to anyone who is acquainted with them. Most of the suggestions for future regional research were included in the recent quinquennial programme of the East African Institute of Social Research. I wish, in particular, to acknowledge the assistance, in preparing this paper, of Dr. A. I. Richards, C.B.E., and of Dr. L. A. Fallers, both of the East African Institute of Social Research.

It should, perhaps, also be said here that whether or not any particular field study is referred to in the following account, and, if it is referred to, the terms in which it is characterized, reflect the limitations of my personal knowledge at least as much as, if not more than, they reflect any valuational bias.

^{page 266 note 1} Op. cit.

^{page 266 note 2} An African People in the Twentieth Century, London, 1934.

^{page 266 note 3} Cambridge, 1954.

^{page 266 note 4} Land Tenure in Buganda, East African Studies No. 1, 1954.

^{page 266 note 5} Report of an enquiry into African heal government in the Protectorate of Uganda, Wallis, C. A. G., Entebbe, 1953.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 6} The Lango, Driberg, J. H., London, 1923, and The Anatomy of Lango Religion and Groups, T. T. S. Hayley, Cambridge, 1947.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 7} Uganda Journal, xviii. 2, 1954; Africa, xxv. 3, July 1955; Africa, xxiv. 3, July 1954; Journal of African Administration, vi. 1 and 4, 1954.

^{page 266 note 8} The Family Herds, P. Gulliver, London, 1955.

^{page 266 note 9} Bwamba: A Structura-functional Analysis of a Patrilineal Society, Winter, E. H., Cambridge, 1956.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 1} e.g. ‘Working Groups in a Plural Society’, Sofer, C., Industrial and Labor Relations Review, vol. viii, no. 1, 1954Google Scholar; Jinja transformed: A social survey of a multi-racial township, Cyril, and Sofer, Rhona, Kampala, 1955.Google Scholar

^{page 268 note 1} Op. cit.

^{page 269 note 1} Good Company, London, 1951.

^{page 269 note 2} Nyakyusa Rituals of Kinship, forthcoming.

^{page 269 note 3} Gutmann, B., Das Recht der Dschagga, 1926Google Scholar; Raum, O. F., Chaga Childhood, London, 1940.Google Scholar

^{page 269 note 4} Johnston, P. H., ‘Chagga constitutional development’, Journal of African Administration, v. 3, 1955.Google Scholar

^{page 269 note 5} Vol. xxvi, 1948; ‘An administrative survey of the Masai social system’, by Fosbrooke, H..Google Scholar

^{page 269 note 6} Customary law of the Haya tribe, Cory, H. and Hartnoll, M. M., London, 1945.Google Scholar

^{page 269 note 7} Anthropology in Action, G. Brown and A. M. I Hutt, London, 1933; Ubena of the Rivers, A. T. an G. M. Culwick, London, 1935.

^{page 269 note 8} Malcolm, D. W., Sukumaland, an African People and their Country, London, 1953Google Scholar; Cory, H., The indigenous political system of the Sukuma and proposals for political reform, East African Studies No. 2, 1954Google Scholar; Cory, H., Sukuma Law and Custom, London, 1953.Google Scholar

^{page 270 note 1} Report on Fertility Surveys in Buganda and Buhaya, 1952, by A. I. Richards and P. Reining (Part IV of Culture and Human Fertility, F. Lorimer and others, UNESCO).

^{page 271 note 1} Op. cit.

^{page 271 note 2} Evans-Pritchard, E. E., ‘Luo Tribes and Clans’, Rhodes-Livingstone Institute Journal, 1949Google Scholar; Southall, A. W., Lineage Formation among the Luo, International African Institute Memorandum xxvi, 1952.Google Scholar

^{page 271 note 3} The Nandi of Kenya, London, 1953.

^{page 271 note 4} ‘The political structure of the Nandi-speaking peoples of Kenya’, Africa, xiii, 1940.

^{page 271 note 5} Peristiany, J., The Social Institutions of the Kipsigis, London, 1939.Google Scholar

^{page 271 note 6} Peristiany, J., ‘The Age-set system of the Pastoral Pokot’, Africa, xxi. 3 and 4, 1951Google Scholar: ‘Pokot sanctions and structure’, Africa, xxiv. 1, 1954.

^{page 271 note 7} Wagner, G., The Bantu of North Kavirondo, vol. i, London, 1949Google Scholar; vol. ii is now in the press.

^{page 272 note 1} e.g. The lineage principle in Gusii society, International African Institute Memorandum, 1949, and ‘Gusii Initiation ceremonies’, J.R.A.I., 83, Jan.–June 1953.

^{page 272 note 2} e.g., Routledge, W. S. and Routledge, K., With a prehistoric People: the Akikuyu of British East Africa, London, 1910Google Scholar; Kenyatta, J., Facing Mount Kenya, London, 1958Google Scholar; Lambert, H. E., The Systems of Land Tenure in the Kikuyu Land Unit, Capetown, 1950.Google Scholar

^{page 272 note 3} Lindblom, G., The Akamba of British East Africa, Upsala, 1920.Google Scholar

^{page 272 note 4} For a summary of information see Prins, A. H. J., The Coastal Tribes of the North-eastern Bantu, London, 1952.Google Scholar

^{page 272 note 5} To be carried out by M. Ruel.

^{page 273 note 1} For this study Phillips's, A.Report on Native Tribunals (Kenya, 1944)Google Scholar affords an invaluable ‘base-line’.