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The sudden death of a millionaire: conversion and consensus in a Ghanaian kingdom

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 December 2011

Extract

The unexpected death of a citizen in 1977 triggered a series of events in one small Ghanaian kingdom, pointing to confusion in the locally accepted criteria for Christian conversion and to contradictions in the avenues to status and power. Since the deceased was a millionaire businessman, something of a huckster, and a person who was at the centre of an unusually complex constellation of social ties, his death forced the people of his local community to re-examine the relationships between traditional religion and Christianity, and between wealth, religious adherence and the display of status and prestige. There was long and bitter hostility between the two towns to which this man was affiliated by descent. Each town competed for the glory of ; claiming him as a member, and while once he too would have desired that, logically it could not be. There was also perennial conflict between the factions within the kingdom's capital. This enhanced the drama and helped explain the urgency of the respective townspeople's attempts to resolve the underlying structural contradictions which became manifest in the events following the death to their own advantage. At the same time this is the story of a self-made man, unusual largely because of his extreme wealth, who understood conflict and ambiguity, and who manipulated the social structure in which he found himself to his own advantage. The funeral of this one man, who simultaneously entertained contradictory belief systems and juggled opposing attributes of leadership, mobilised the attention of the entire population of both towns. It did so precisely because the ritual of his funeral was used to ‘describe in advance a desired but uncertain state of affairs. It [ritual] is about power and is itself more or less political’ (MacGaffey, 1986: 11, emphasis added).

Résumé

La mort subite d'un millionnaire

La mort subite d'un millionnaire parti de rien, qui était affilié à des villes concurrentes de langues, d'origines et d'ethnies différentes dans le sud du Ghana a forcé les citadins à réexaminer les relations entre la religion traditionnelle et la christianisme et entre la richesse, l'adhérence religieuse et les signes extérieurs de statut et de prestige. II s'agit d'une scène de conflit dans un cadre moral commun, de discours avec un accord sur les règles. La conversion religieuse est plus qu'une question de conviction individuelle ou de cosmologie, ce n'est pas une simple alternative et, pour mieux comprendre les individus qui ne possèdent pas une identité religieuse primaire, il faut étudier les groupes qui valident cette conversion et pour qui le changement de statut de la personne est important. De cette façon, on montre également la vitalité et l'attraction à la fois de la religion traditionnelle et de la religion du monde, telles qu'elles existent l'une à côté de l'autre dans une société.

Cet article apporte quelque explication sur la fagon dont les gens eux-mêmes, à la fois les convertis et la communauté, considèrent la conversion. II illustre au moyen d'une étude de cas combien il est extrêmement difficile de séparer la conversion des stratégies politiques et économiques et des sphères d'intêret et comment chaque décision de la part d'un groupe intéressé est à la fois une réaction et influence à son tour les actions de la part d'autres groupes intéressés. Le contexte social et historique détaillé du comportement des convertis, les deux villes et les deux communiautés religieuses montrent la dynamique du processus de conversion et dans quelle mesure la conversion possède une multitude de facettes. Les catégories engagées dans la conversion sont plus compliquées que ne le suggère la littérature.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 1988

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