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From Scotch Whisky to Chinese Sneakers: International Commodity Flows and New Trade Networks in Oshikango, Namibia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 May 2011

Abstract

After the end of the colonial period, international commodity flows into Africa at first continued to reproduce patterns of colonial domination. In the last ten years, however, important shifts have become visible. New commodity chains bypassing the old colonial powers have developed and are changing the way Africa is integrated into the global economy. This article looks at four trade networks that converge in Oshikango, a small trade boom town in northern Namibia. It describes how trade in Scotch whisky, Brazilian furniture, Japanese used cars and Chinese sneakers into Oshikango is organized. Whisky trade follows old colonial patterns; furniture trade relies on new South-South business contacts backed by political lobbying; in the used car trade, goods from the North are traded by networks of Southern migrant entrepreneurs; Chinese consumer goods are brought into Africa by Chinese migrants who bridge the cultural gap between the markets. Trade in Oshikango highlights the importance of new trade routes for Africa. Migrant entrepreneurs play an important role in these trade routes. A closer look at them shows, however, that their importance is largely due to opportunities arising from their place in the international system, not to a group's inherent cultural or social characteristics.

Après la fin de la période coloniale, les flux de marchandises internationaux entrant en Afrique ont continué, initialement, de reproduire les schémas de domination coloniale. Or, des changements importants sont apparus au cours de ces dix dernières années. De nouvelles chaînes de marchandises omettant les anciennes puissances coloniales se sont développées et modifient la façon dont l'Afrique s'intègre dans l'économie mondiale. Cet article se penche sur quatre réseaux d'échanges commerciaux qui convergent à Oshikango, petite ville du Nord de la Namibie dont le commerce est en plein essor. Il décrit comment s'organise le commerce du whisky écossais, des meubles brésiliens, des voitures d'occasion japonaises et des chaussures de sport chinoises à Oshikango. Le commerce du whisky suit les anciens schémas coloniaux; le commerce des meubles s'appuie sur de nouvelles relations commerciales Sud-Sud soutenues par un lobbying politique; le commerce des voitures d'occasion du Nord est assuré par des réseaux d'entrepreneurs migrants du Sud; les biens de consommation chinois sont amenés en Afrique par des migrants chinois qui comblent la fracture culturelle entre les marchés. Le commerce à Oshikango souligne l'importance des nouvelles voies d'échanges commerciaux pour l'Afrique. Les entrepreneurs migrants jouent un rôle important dans ces voies d'échanges. Un examen plus détaillé de ces voies montre, cependant, que leur importance tient essentiellement aux opportunités qui découlent de leur place dans le système international, et non aux caractéristiques culturelles ou sociales inhérentes à un groupe.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © International African Institute 2008

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