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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 January 2012
There is little evidence to show that ethnic differences in Africa result in problems of lesser magnitude at the present day than in the past. In recent years the problems of ‘minorities’ have had to be considered in Nigeria, while in the Republic of Congo (Léopoldville) ethnic conflicts and the reappearance of past tribal enmities have produced numerous tragic situations during the last twelve months. The frontiers of Africa were delimited by the European powers half a century or more ago and their absurdity in relation to ethnic groups has been demonstrated recently in papers by Barbour and Prescott. They were drawn in ignorance of the different groups of people through which they passed and have now been inherited by independent African governments who will have to face the problems which have been created. To solve them these African governments will need to know more of ethnic groups and their distributions than did their European predecessors and the need for more adequate ethnographic maps is likely to increase rather than diminish.
CARTES ETHNOGRAPHIQUES DE L'AFRIQUE, AVEC UN NOUVEL EXEMPLE DU NORD DE LA NIGÉRIA
Sauf quelques exceptions, il y a eu une manque de cartes ethnographiques satisfaisantes de l'Afrique, surtout de celles basées sur des chiffres. La formation de la nouvelle carte de groupes de tribus du nord de la Nigéria a été limitée par les chiffres du recensement de 1952, mais elle montre les districts dans lesquels se trouvent les divers groupes de tribus et elle indique aussi, d'une façon générale, l'importance numérique des divers groupes comparée au montant de la population de chaque district.
page 61 note 1 Barbour, K. M., and Prothero, R. M. (ed.), Essays on African population, London, 1961.Google Scholar
Prescott, J. R. V., ‘The evolution of Nigeria's boundaries’, Nigerian geog. J. (Ibadan), ii. 2, 1959, 80–104Google Scholar, and ‘Nigeria's regional boundary problems’, Geog. Rev. (N.Y.), xlix. 4, 1959, 485–505.
page 61 note 2 Atlas of Kenya, Nairobi, 1959; Gulliver, P. H., ‘Revised tribal map of Tanganyika’, Tanganyika Notes and Records, 54, 1960Google Scholar; Goldthorpe, J. E., and Wilson, F. B., Tribalmaps of East Africa and Zanzibar, East African Studies, No. 13, Kampala, 1960.
page 61 note 3 Cartes ethno-démographiques de l'Afrique occidentale, Institut Français d'Afrique Noire. Sheet 1 (1952) covers Senegal, Gambia, Portuguese Guinea and parts of the Republic of Guinea and Sierra Leone.
Sheet 5 (1954) covers Dahomey and Togo and parts of Ghana, Nigeria, Volta, Niger, and Mali.
Sheet 6 (in preparation) covers Niger and parts of Northern Nigeria.
page 62 note 1 Union of South Africa. Distribution of population, Natural Resources Development Council, Pretoria, 1951.
page 62 note 2 The map was compiled by R. M. Prothero and A. G. Hodgkiss and drawn by the latter at the Department of Geography, University of Liverpool. It was drawn on the scale of 1 : 2,000,000 and has been reduced for publication. Copies of the map on a scale of 1 : 2,000,000 may be obtained from the Department of Geography, University of Liverpool, at a cost of 3s. (including postage). It will also be published by the Northern Nigerian Survey Department in due course, We are grateful to the University of Liverpool for a grant towards the cost of publication of the map in this paper.
page 62 note 3 The data are published in the twelve provincial reports of the Population Census of the Northern Region of Nigeria, Kaduna, 1952/3.
page 64 note 1 Nigeria. Report of the Commission appointed to enquire into the fears of Minorities and the means of allaying them. Cmnd. 505, 1958. The map has also been published in Nigeria: the political and economic background. Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, 1960.Google Scholar